Summary of Uso de cisternas na produção animal

00:00:00 - 00:40:00

In the YouTube video "Uso de cisternas na produção animal" (Use of cisterns in animal production), the speaker discusses the use of rainwater collection systems, specifically cisterns, in animal production in Brazil. The video highlights the benefits of using rainwater, such as cost savings and availability, but also emphasizes the importance of considering the quality of rainwater and the need for proper installation and maintenance of cisterns. The speaker shares examples of farmers in Brazil who have implemented rainwater collection systems to ensure a consistent water supply for their animals during droughts, and the importance of testing the water quality to ensure its safety for both human consumption and animal use. The video also touches on the use of mineral water in animal production and the importance of proper installation and maintenance of water cisterns. Overall, the video emphasizes the importance of water in animal production and the benefits of using rainwater collection systems to supplement water sources during droughts.

• 00:00:00 In this section of the YouTube video "Uso de cisternas na produção animal" (Use of cisterns in animal production), the focus is on the interesting and beneficial alternative of using rainwater in the production of pigs and poultry for farmers. The family Mandar from Concordia in the western part of Santa Catarina, who raise 510 pigs and 130 heads of cattle and farm 17 hectares, share their experience. They have a water source on their property, but with animals consuming around 10,000 liters per day in the summer and up to 13,000 liters daily, they were concerned about the possibility of running out of water for their animals. The lack of water can lead to several problems, including a decrease in blood volume, higher toxin concentration in urine, increased respiration, reduced weight gain, and even death. To ensure a constant water supply, the Mandar family invested in a 500,000-liter cisterna eight years ago. The cisterna, located near the pigpen, collects rainwater from the roof and filters it through several stages before storing it. The cisterna can provide water for up to 40 days, even during long periods of drought or when the property's water source runs dry. The water quality remains the same for the animals, and the primary advantages are the economy of using free rainwater instead of potable water and the ability to use it for animal segmentation. The only disadvantage is the limitation of the amount of rainwater collected.
• 00:05:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Uso de cisternas na produção animal" (Use of cisterns in animal production), the speaker discusses the use of rainwater collection systems, specifically cisterns, in animal production in Brazil. The speaker highlights the benefits of using rainwater, such as cost savings and availability, but also raises concerns about the quality of rainwater, which can be affected by pollution and impurities. The speaker explains that rainwater can carry pollutants, heavy metals, and other contaminants, which can impact its quality and suitability for animal production. The speaker also emphasizes the importance of considering the pH level of the water, as it can affect the materials used for capture and storage, and the demand for water in animal production. The speaker concles that the size of the cistern needed depends on the number of animals and their water consumption requirements, as well as the local pluviometric index and the producer's willingness to invest in the system. The speaker also mentions that rainwater can be a valuable ally in animal production, as it can help reduce the demand for potable water.
• 00:10:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Uso de cisternas na produção animal" (Use of Cisterns in Animal Production), the speaker discusses the importance of having a water source for animals and how cisterns can help ensure their well-being even during long periods of drought. The Monaretto family in Santa Catarina was one of the first to install a cisterna eight years ago, and any property, including those with swine or poultry farms and gardens, can have a cistern. There is no specific legislation regarding the construction of a cistern, but the Comissão Nacional de Aguas Minerais (CONAMA) Resolution 357 advises against using rainwater primarily for human consumption or cooking vegetables unless it is properly treated. The rainwater collected on the roof of the barn is the best source for cisterns, with flat and smooth roofs being preferred. The water flows into a box installed on the edge of the roof and along the structure to a pre-filter that blocks impurities. PVC pipes are recommended for use in animal production due to their durability against corrosion caused by animal gases. The calculation of water volume in the pipes can be found in Embrapa Document 157. After the pre-filter, the water goes into a temporary reservoir called the "water from the roof cleaning," which is not directed to the cistern filters. The filters are three PVC boxes, each with a capacity for one thousand liters, that quickly filter the water using gravel. The filters should be cleaned at least every six months, and the cost of replacing the gravel is low. After each rain, the water from the roof cleaning is drained, and the empty cistern is ready for the next rain.
• 00:15:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Uso de cisternas na produção animal" (Use of cisterns in animal production), the speaker discusses the installation and use of rainwater cisterns on a farm owned by the Monaretto family. The cistern, which has a capacity of 500,000 liters, is made of fabric and measures 25 meters in length and three meters in depth. A 2 HP pump moves water to animal shelters. The choice of material for constructing the cistern depends on the volume of water required. For smaller volumes, fiber boxes can be used, while larger volumes require the use of fabric. The size of the cistern can be determined based on demand. The farm cannot store all the water it collects, and instructions for sizing can be found in document number 157. Storing more water is beneficial as it provides better coverage for the property. The installation of a cistern has been crucial for a pig farmer to increase the number of animals on the farm. There is no specific legislation for the use of rainwater, but it must comply with existing water legislation, such as Portaria 2914 for human consumption or CONAMA 357 for animal use. Contamination from microbial and chemical sources is a concern when using rainwater. It is important to ensure that the stored water is treated and marked to prevent mosquito breeding and potential health risks for humans and animals. The location of the cistern is also important, as it should not be installed near large trees or fruit trees to prevent contamination from birds. The material used for construction, such as fabric or zinc sheets, is important but proper maintenance and cleaning are even more crucial. Non-metallic tubing is recommended to prevent corrosion and oxidation.
• 00:20:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Uso de cisternas na produção animal" (Use of Tanks in Animal Production), the speaker discusses the use of local materials for constructing rainwater tanks and the importance of capturing rainwater for animal farming. The speaker mentions various materials used for constructing tanks, including fiberglass, PVC, wood, and metal. He emphasizes that using local materials for construction is a cost-effective and sustainable option. The speaker also discusses the importance of the first rainwater, which is often discarded due to contamination from rooftop debris and animal waste. He suggests using a filter to clean the water before use. The speaker then shares an example of a pig farm in Concordia, Santa Catarina, which faces water scarcity and has implemented the use of rainwater tanks to supplement their water supply. The farm, which houses 1,300 pigs, uses correctly installed and regulated water troughs to minimize water waste and save water. Despite the installation of a new rainwater tank, the farm continues to rely on well water to avoid future water shortages for the animals. The farm's goal is to expand production, but the family encountered the common challenge of ensuring a consistent water supply on their property.
• 00:25:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Uso de cisternas na produção animal" (Use of cisterns in animal production), the speaker discusses the installation of a large water cistern on a farm in Concordia, Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2008. The cistern, which has a capacity of 500,000 liters, was not yet filled despite heavy rainfall of around 200 millimeters due to the farm's expansion plans and the need to house nearly 1,900 pigs. The farmer is now considering using the cistern as the primary water source for his animals, as the new pigpen is now ready. The use of water cisterns is an older technology that has gained popularity in recent years due to increasing concerns over water scarcity, especially in regions like Santa Catarina. The farmer mentions that there was some resistance to this technology among producers when it was first introduced but that it has become more widely adopted. The Brazilian Water Agency (Embrapa) document cited in the video is one of the most downloaded documents in their unit, indicating significant interest in this technology. While cisterns are used as a complementary water source in relation to groundwater in Santa Catarina, they have been used for over 12,000 years in various parts of Brazil. However, there is a need to improve the research and quality control of the water in these regions. The speaker emphasizes that both the quantity and quality of water are essential, and the use of cistern water for animal desiccation can significantly impact zootechnic indices. The preferred material for constructing cisterns is one that can withstand the elements and ensure the water remains clean and free from contaminants.
• 00:30:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Uso de cisternas na produção animal" (Use of Tanks in Animal Production), the speaker discusses the process of desinfecting and storing rainwater in tanks for use in animal farming. The desinfestation process involves cleaning the tank with chlorine and allowing it to pass through the water population before refilling. The amount of chlorine used depends on the intended use of the water. When used to quench the animals' thirst, rainwater collected and stored in tanks must undergo several stages to ensure minimum quality. These stages include identifying the water demand on the farm, calculating the necessary water for production and the available roof area for collection, constructing the tank according to the intended use, and desinfecting the water through a process called chlorination. The speaker also mentions that the cost of constructing and installing a tank accounts for approximately 60% of the total cost of a water system. The price varies based on the tank size and the roof area for collection. It is essential to conduct a topographical study of the property to choose the best location for the reservoir, as not all properties allow for the reuse of gravity-fed water. In such cases, water distribution systems must be installed. The speaker then discusses a recently installed rainwater harvesting system on a property in Santa Catarina, Brazil, which produces 1,300 pigs and will soon add 575 more. The system collects rainwater from the new installation's roof and passes it through a pre-filter system to remove leaves and branches before being stored in a tank with a capacity of 500,000 liters. The water is expected to provide a 20-day supply in case of drought. The speaker emphasizes the importance of analyzing the water regularly to ensure its quality for animal consumption.
• 00:35:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Uso de cisternas na produção animal" (Use of cisterns in animal production), the speaker discusses the use of rainwater collection and storage in farming operations. The size of the cistern determines how long the system can provide water, with a 1,300 animal farm able to last 20-25 days with a 1900 animal capacity. Expanding the water collection area, such as using the roof of another barn, can increase water storage. The filtration system must be expanded accordingly. Rainwater collection, storage, and rational use are an excellent alternative during droughts, potentially reducing water consumption from treated sources by up to 50%. The speaker also touches on the importance of water quality testing, specifically for coliforms and turbidity, to ensure the water is safe for both human consumption and animal use. There is a lack of standardized protocols for collecting samples and analyzing rainwater, making it essential to establish a standardization process for various systems. The speaker also mentions that rainwater is often criticized for having no taste, but in reality, it does have a taste due to the minerals it absorbs during rainfall.
• 00:40:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Uso de cisternas na produção animal," the speaker discusses the importance of using mineral water in animal production and the need for proper installation and maintenance of water cisterns. The speaker explains that animals, particularly bovines and birds, have a greater perception of taste and may reject water without the desired minerals. Producers interested in implementing this system should seek professional guidance and choose a company specializing in cistern installation based on the intended use of the water. Depending on whether the water is for animal desalination, human consumption, or just for washing, different levels of technical assistance and sanitary vigilance are required. The speaker concludes by thanking the audience for their participation and encourages them to contact Embrapa Suínos e Avés for more information on using water cisterns in animal production. The video also mentions Embrapa's research on biofortified mandiocas, new discoveries of medicinal plants for fish farming, and new insect species.