Summary of The Battle of Cannae: Rome's greatest defeat

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The Carthaginian general Hannibal Barca soundly defeated a Roman army at the Battle of Cannae in 216 BC. The Roman army was confounded by Hannibal's guerrilla tactics and light troops, and were unable to make use of their own strengths. This poor showing by the Roman army led to their defeat in the Second Punic War.

  • 00:00:00 The Battle of Cannae was fought between Rome and Carthage in 216 BC, and was one of Rome's greatest defeats. Hannibal Barca, a general from Carthage, successfully invaded and conquered half of Spain before coming to Italy to confront the Roman army. He was eventually successful in annihilating the Roman army, thus leading to Rome's eventual defeat in the war.
  • 00:05:00 The Battle of Cannae was a Roman victory over Hannibal, but the result was a Pyrrhic victory as Rome's army was so decisively outnumbered that it could never again field an army of the same size. The two consular armies were combined into one, and although Hannibal had a significant advantage in cavalry, the Romans had an advantage in infantry.
  • 00:10:00 According to ancient historians, the Battle of Cannae was Rome's greatest defeat. The Roman army was heavily outnumbered and was quickly defeated by Hannibal's troops. The battle is largely credited to Vero, who advised against attacking Hannibal head-on. However, Paulus disobeyed Vero and was eventually defeated.
  • 00:15:00 The Battle of Cannae was a crushing Roman defeat that demonstrated the superiority of Hannibal's army. Paulus' attempt to counsel wisdom led to a vote amongst the troops, and they overwhelmingly supported Barrow in pursuit of Hannibal. However, Hannibal escaped again, this time with a large amount of treasure. Livy moves the events of the battle earlier, giving it greater dramatic effect.
  • 00:20:00 The Battle of Cannae was a Roman defeat in 216 BC that led to Hannibal's victory over Rome. The battle was fought on a plain in southeastern Italy, and the Romans were defeated because their army was not well-fortified. Handel was able to take the fortifications and this alarmed the Romans, who thought they were going to be drawn into a fight. Hannibal used his new North African light cavalry to skirmish and harass the Romans, who were unable to get water for their tens of thousands of men. This put the Romans in an extremely stressful situation and is said to have contributed to their defeat.
  • 00:25:00 The Battle of Cannae was a crushing Roman defeat that demonstrated the vast difference in military experience between Rome and their opponents, the Carthaginians. The Roman army was five miles across, but because of poor command and control, only three of their commanders were actually in command of their troops at the time of the battle. The resulting carnage led to the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.
  • 00:30:00 The Battle of Cannae was Rome's greatest defeat in the Punic Wars, and Hannibal's plan involved crossing the river in order to ambush the Romans. Livy and other sources suggest that Hannibal had spearmen instead of pikes in his army, and this may have been a factor in the Roman victory.
  • 00:35:00 The Battle of Cannae was a decisive Roman military defeat in 216 BC. The Roman army was composed of infantry, cavalry, and auxiliary forces, but was defeated by Hannibal's army of Numidian, Spanish, and Celtic horsemen. Polybius describes the battle in detail, mentioning the strategic use of alternating Spanish and Gaulish troops in the line. Libby deserts the Spanish and Gauls, which allows the Romans to form a bulge and win the battle.
  • 00:40:00 The Battle of Cannae was a Roman defeat in 216 BC that marked the end of the Second Punic War. The battle opened with a cavalry engagement, and the Romans lost. After the cavalry withdrew, the infantry engaged. The Romans were pushed back, and then the Carthaginians threw a screen of skirmishers to protect their heavy infantry. The light infantry fought fiercely, but eventually the Romans overwhelmed them. Hannibal turned his troops around and ran away, although some historians suggest that they were actually sprinting away from the Romans.
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  • 00:50:00 The Battle of Cannae was a decisive Roman defeat that cost the Romans 70,000 dead. The Carthaginians, using guerrilla tactics and light troops, were able to defeat the Romans and win the battle.
  • 00:55:00 The Battle of Cannae was a devastating defeat for the Roman army, and it is considered one of the greatest military defeats in history. The Roman army was led by Emperor Augustus, and Hannibal, an Carthaginian general, was the main opponent. According to Polybius, Hannibal had planned the battle carefully to exploit Roman weaknesses. He knew that the Roman army was largely composed of conscripts who were not as experienced or martial as the veteran troops of the Carthaginian army. Furthermore, the Roman army was confined to a narrow, static field of battle, while the Carthaginian troops were able to maneuver freely. The outcome of the battle was largely due to the poor morale of the Roman troops. They were exhausted from the fighting and lacked the experience to stand against the Carthaginian forces. Hannibal was able to seal the trap and kill many Roman soldiers, leading to the devastating Roman defeat.

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The Battle of Cannae was a crushing defeat for the Roman army at the hands of Hannibal's forces. This victory allowed Hannibal to gain an alliance against Rome and ultimately defeat the Romans.

  • 01:00:00 The Battle of Cannae was a decisive Roman defeat in 216 BC, in which Hannibal's army routed a much larger Roman army. The Roman army's commander, Paulus, was killed, as were many civilians. Livy reports that Paulus' son, also named Paulus, led a cavalry charge and was killed. The other Roman commanders, including Cornelius Scipio, fled the battlefield. Paulus' best friend, Vero, took charge of the remaining Roman soldiers and led them back into battle, where he was killed. The Roman army was then routed, and most of the soldiers escaped to their canoes and made their way back to Rome. A Tribune, Publius Cornelius Scipio, was elected commander of the remaining soldiers and led them back into battle, where he decisively defeated Hannibal's army at the Battle of Zama.
  • 01:05:00 The Battle of Cannae was a devastating Roman defeat in 216 BC. Roman officers were conspiring to desert Rome and take off to Africa, but Skippy Oh, a teenager at the time, saved the day by snatching up his sword and rushing to the house where the men were conspiring. The day was saved, and Skippy Oh went on to become a hero.
  • 01:10:00 This YouTube video covers the Battle of Cannae, which was Rome's greatest defeat. Rome lost 50-70,000 men, while Hannibal's forces suffered only 4,000 casualties. This victory allowed Hannibal to gain an alliance against Rome and ultimately defeat the Romans.
  • 01:15:00 The Battle of Cannae was a massive defeat for the Roman army, killing 70,000 soldiers in one day. This is compared to the 58,000 Americans who died in the Vietnam War over 19 years.

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