Summary of 2022 Annual Uehiro Lectures in Practical Ethics: Ethics and Artificial Intelligence (2 of 3)

This is an AI generated summary. There may be inaccuracies.
Summarize another video · Purchase summarize.tech Premium

00:00:00 - 01:00:00

This video discusses the idea of allies and how they might be able to work together to produce something greater than either could achieve on their own. It explains that allies must be sensitive to and responsive to morally relevant features, and that they must have some degree of autonomy in order to be moral allies. The author argues that autonomous vehicles will need to be able to be responsive to morally relevant features in order to be trustworthy, and that this is already happening.

00:00:00 In this video, Professor Peter Railton from the University of Michigan discusses the idea of allies and how they might be able to work together cooperatively to produce something greater than either could achieve on their own. He explains that allies must be sensitive to and responsive to morally relevant features, and that they must have some degree of autonomy in order to be moral allies.
00:05:00 The author of the video argues that autonomous vehicles will need to be able to be responsive to morally relevant features in order to be trustworthy, and that this is already happening. He suggests that more distributed resources or methods for trying to identify and respond to these threats and achieve more of the promise are needed.
00:10:00 Artificial intelligence has progressed to the point where machines can autonomously identify winning strategies in various games, and do so without human input. One recent development is that machines using generic learning methods are able to achieve high levels of success without needing extensive reprogramming.
00:15:00 Neural networks are modeled after the structure of the brain and are able to generate images that look similar to those seen by the human eye. This suggests that the machines may have some of the same cognitive abilities as humans.
00:20:00 Artificially intelligent systems are becoming more important in scientific research, and they can be allies of humans by generating new concepts that we would not have formed on our own.
00:25:00 The video discusses how artificial intelligence can be seen as an epistemic agent, or "expert", in its own right. It goes on to say that in order to be effective participants in the wider community of experts, machines will need to be able to respond to a variety of social, linguistic, and interactional features. This will be a challenging task, but one that may eventually be possible.
00:30:00 The video discusses how artificial intelligence will need to be able to take in and process a wide range of information in order to be effective, including semantic and psychological information. It also mentions that humans possess two dominant modes of continuing processing in the brain, one focussed on a specific activity and the other on the default mode network. The video concludes by suggesting that artificial intelligence will not need to be conscious in order to be effective, as the system can operate without conscious direction.
00:35:00 The video discusses how humans and intelligent animals develop the ability to represent and evaluate the consequences of their actions, which is necessary for moral judgment. It also discusses how infants develop these abilities through a process of learning and observation. This suggests that artificial intelligence systems that are able to learn and reason morally may not require consciousness or understanding of human emotions.
00:40:00 The author discusses how humans have certain motivational capacities that are important for cooperating and for successful social life. These capacities include a capacity for default to feasible cooperativeness, a capacity for indirect reciprocity, and a capacity for intrinsic concern. These capacities are related to the kinds of social life humans engage in.
00:45:00 This video examines how artificial intelligence can be used to create agents that are more rational and effective, similar to how animals are. It also discusses how consciousness might not be necessary for this, and that agents can be defined functionally.
00:50:00 In this video, philosopher and cognitive scientist Nick Bostrom discusses the interests and reasons of artificial beings, which can include goals such as avoiding harm and reaching destinations efficiently. He argues that, even though humans are not the best judges of their own interests, we should still try to follow the laws of nature as best we can because they are a good guide for being reasonable. He gives three examples of problems that autonomous vehicles could run into, including the problem of full cooperation getting out of a prisoner's dilemma, the problem of public goods, and the problem of individuals reaching in and taking advantage of others.
00:55:00 The video discusses the potential for artificial intelligence to create conflicts between autonomous vehicles and pedestrians, and the need for systems that can both reward and punish bad behaviour.

01:00:00 - 01:05:00

The 2022 Annual Uehiro Lectures in Practical Ethics discuss the ethical implications of artificial intelligence. The lectures suggest that, in the presence of a common threat, human and artificial agents can work together to produce a general will. The speaker discusses the risks of developing a monopolistic superintelligence and argues that a community of intelligent individuals can be more effective in preventing this from happening.