Summary of The End of Spacetime – Professor Nima Arkani-Hamed, IAS | Chilloquium 2022

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00:00:00 - 01:00:00

In this talk, Professor Arkani-Hamed discusses how recent developments in physics suggest that spacetime and quantum mechanics may need to be removed from our understanding of the universe. He goes on to say that while this is a daunting task, it is one that scientists are constantly working on.

00:00:00 The speaker is discussing the end of spacetime, which he believes is imminent. He goes on to discuss the various efforts scientists have made to control these two principles and how this has been a conflict, but one that is gradually being resolved.
00:05:00 In this talk, Professor Arkani-Hamed describes two revolutions in physics - the revolution of quantum mechanics, which changed what we think physical laws are about, and the revolution of space-time, which changes how we think about evolution. He explains that if quantum mechanics and space-time were not compatible, the universe would be doomed, but that fortunately, they are.
00:10:00 The professor discusses the philosophy of science, and how the uncertainty principle dictates that we cannot determine both position and velocity of a particle at the same time. He goes on to say that this is analogous to the stock market, where there is always some fuzziness or uncertainty surrounding certain investments.
00:15:00 Professor Arkani-Hamed discusses some of the ways in which the end of spacetime manifests itself, including the existence of a "Big Bang Singularity."
00:20:00 Quantum mechanics changes what it means to have a well-defined observable, and this error in principle can be sent to zero if the experiment is performed infinitely often. This error has a dramatic consequence: if an experiment is done in a fixed size room, any measurements over a fixed period of space and time will be impossible to give arbitrarily accurate meaning to.
00:25:00 In this talk, Professor Arkani-Hamed explains how errors in our understanding of spacetime may lead to observable problems. He discusses how anti-disintegrating or anti-deSitter geometry may provide an analogy for the interior of a box in which one can observe the behavior of particles. He also discusses how holography may provide a way to understand the behavior of particles without tracking them individually.
00:30:00 This video discusses the theory of quantum mechanics, which states that particles can exist on the boundary of two dimensions, or "face time." This creates a more sophisticated form of quantum mechanical correlations, which can be interpreted as having gravity and strings. Professor Arkani-Hamed explains that while this theory is still in its infancy, it provides a starting point for understanding more fundamental concepts in cosmology.
00:35:00 The speaker discusses the challenges of understanding the universe on a scale larger than what can be understood using classical physics. He discusses the accelerated expansion of the universe and the fact that this creates problems for certain principles of quantum mechanics. He also points out that time may not exist in the same way that we understand it, and that this opens up questions about the nature of reality.
00:40:00 In this talk, Professor Nima Arkani-Hamed discusses how quantum mechanics may need to be extended in order to account for the disappearance of certain meaningful observables. He goes on to talk about how physical and mathematical ideas might be involved in this extension. He also discusses one possible path towards discovering these ideas.
00:45:00 Professor Arkani-Hamed discusses how recent physics has shown that Newtonian determinism is no longer a valid principle, and how we might think about classical physics in a different way to accommodate this. He gives an example of how this might be done by adding stochastic terms to Newton's laws.
00:50:00 The author discusses the Confluence of philosophical ideas and calculations that suggest space-time and quantum mechanics should be removed from fundamental physics. He goes on to say that it is an engineering problem that someone has to do the calculations.
00:55:00 In this video, Professor Arkani-Hamed discusses the theory of space-time collisions and how understanding the principles of quantum mechanics can help simplify the calculations involved. He notes that while every question may not have a simple answer, the field of fundamental physics is constantly striving to find simplifications and insights into the workings of the universe.

01:00:00 - 01:30:00

This video is a lecture by Professor Nima Arkani-Hamed on the end of Spacetime. He explains that the current understanding of space-time and quantum mechanics is only a glimpse of what is to come, and that a new, more radical understanding is needed. He describes some of the new mathematical structures that are involved, and explains how they can be used to generate rules of space-time and quantum mechanics.

01:00:00 This video is a lecture by Professor Nima Arkani-Hamed, IAS, on the end of Spacetime. He explains that the current understanding of space-time and quantum mechanics is only a glimpse of what is to come, and that a new, more radical understanding is needed. He describes some of the new mathematical structures that are involved, and explains how they can be used to generate rules of space-time and quantum mechanics. He concludes the lecture by discussing the goal of the program for exploring this new understanding, and describes some of the strategies that will be used to achieve it.
01:05:00 In this video, Professor Arkani-Hamed discusses the end of Spacetime, which he refers to as the "Chilloquium 2022." He explains that in order to understand the principles of space and time in quantum mechanics, we need to consider the amplitudes of particles. In the neighborhood of a pole, the amplitude has to factorize into the product of simpler amplitudes. This is reflected in the way the principles of space and time are hardwired into the behavior of particles.
01:10:00 In this video, Professor Arkani-Hamed discusses a new strategy for finding a different question that lives directly in the kinematical space of scattering data. He describes a few of the mathematical structures that have been discovered as a result of this strategy, including cosmological polytopes and the amplitahedron. He gives a brief tour of one of these structures, the cosmological polytope.
01:15:00 In this video, Professor Arkani-Hamed discusses how the amplitude of particles can blow up in a particular way depending on the location of their constituent particles. He also points out that this phenomenon can be explained in terms of the principles of locality and unitarity.
01:20:00 The video discusses the mathematics behind the possibility of constructing a shape with nine faces, 21 edges, and 14 vertices – called the esophage – which is not obvious from looking at the individual vertices. The video also mentions a polytope with vertices and facets that lives in N minus 3 dimensions, and shows a representative example.
01:25:00 Professor Arkani-Hamed discusses the mathematics of particle scattering, illustrating the similarities between space-time and combinatorics. He explains that the pattern of particle scattering is determined by local and unitary factors, and provides an example of a more primitive pattern that is still able to capture the common torques between triangulations. He also explains how the mathematics of particle scattering can be used to describe the spread of a pandemic.
01:30:00 The professor discussed the theory of scalars and its universal features. He explained that this theory can be applied to any number of particles and any number of loops. He also said that an announcement about the fall lineup of speakers will be made soon.