Summary of Sesión 8: Gobernanza, integridad y confianza

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00:00:00 - 01:00:00

In this part of the video, the speaker discusses the existence of different mechanisms to achieve governance when trust is lacking. The speaker highlights the role of community involvement in community development programs, which give citizens the ability to contribute to decision-making processes. Another approach that the speaker suggests is to have decentralized decision-making power, allowing for more flexibility and accountability in decision-making processes. This approach also allows for greater transparency and user-generated content, leading to more effective decision-making. The speaker also emphasizes the importance of encouraging cultural change through education and awareness campaigns. This includes educating citizens about their rights and responsibilities and empowering them to become involved in community decision-making processes. Overall, the session emphasizes the need for a collaborative and participatory approach to governance, with a focus on building trust and accountability. The audience is encouraged to contribute to the discussion through comments and participation in online polls.

00:00:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the issue of corruption in Colombia and its impact on the country. The speaker states that there are daily judicial proceedings against individuals accused of corruption, including public officials and business representatives. The speaker also discusses the importance of property rights and the need for collective responsibility to combat corruption. The speaker suggests that the root cause of corruption is the lack of transparency in society and suggests that the government should take a more active role in addressing this issue. The speaker emphasizes the importance of leadership and action from younger generations to create a more ethical and responsible society.
00:05:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the problems with corruption and a lack of trust in the public sector, including inadequate measures to prevent and address these issues. The speaker acknowledges that the government has made progress in preventing corrupt behavior and increasing transparency, but argues that citizens still feel that corruption is prevalent and that public servants are not trustworthy. The speaker also notes that citizens lack knowledge and awareness of their rights, leading them to believe that corrupt officials are beyond reproach and that there is nothing they can do to address the issue. Despite efforts to improve the situation, the government is still perceived as a frustrating and difficult entity by citizens, with its bureaucratic nature contributing to a lack of trust. The key to addressing this issue lies in making public officials more accountable to citizens and ensuring that their actions are transparent and easily accessible to the public.
00:10:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Sesión 8: Gobernanza, integridad y confianza", the speaker discusses the importance of good governance in building trust and legitimacy. He highlights the need for respect for the social state of law, separation of powers, and non-inerference in different branches of government. He also emphasizes the need for effective and efficient use of public resources, and communicating clearly with citizens about public spending. The speaker argues that strong public administration, based on meritocracy, can help build trust and improve equitable representation in the public sector.
00:15:00 In this section, the speaker highlights the importance of public service in achieving the goals of the state. He underscores the need for public servants to work with honesty and integrity and to serve the community, promote prosperity, and ensure equality. He also emphasizes the need to develop strategies for cultural change and the use of norms and policies to combat corruption. Additionally, he discusses the importance of value-based governance and the need for public servants to operate with values in mind.
00:20:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Sesión 8: Gobernanza, integridad y confianza," the speakers discuss the importance of promoting dialogue with public servants, valuing and considering them by the administration and society, and changing the way the state is built in the territory to generate capacities for ensuring rights, resolving needs, and creating public value. The concept of innovation is also mentioned, with the implementation of collective and concerted strategies for change, cultural management, knowledge management, and innovation. The speakers stress that the topic of innovation must be handled carefully and that it should not be used in discourses, but rather serve as a powerful tool for real change. The audience is then introduced to three experts who will each have 15 minutes to make their presentations, with the panelists providing comments or further debating ideas after each presentation. The goal of the session is to collect questions from the audience through live streaming.
00:25:00 In this section, the speaker Luis Hernandez starts by discussing the relationship between trust and governance. He posits that if there is more trust between individuals and in relationships, then this will lead to better governance. However, the speaker notes that this is not just a matter of more or less trust, but rather a relationship between trust and governance. He further explains that trust is a social capital and exists in varying degrees. The speaker goes on to state that if there is a lack of trust, it does not necessarily mean that governance is compromised, but rather that different mechanisms need to be in place to achieve governance.
00:30:00 In this section, the video "Sesión 8: Gobernanza, integridad y confianza" focuses on how behavioral science concepts associated with social norms and behavioral psychology can be used to discuss the relationship between governance, integrity, and trust. The video explains that this viewpoint combines two related areas of research: science of behavior and social sciences. The presentation by Cristina highlights three lines of work, including an analysis of relationships between citizens and public servants, a focus on specific cases, and a discussion of conflict resolution skills. The goal of these lines of work is to understand how individuals and groups can be motivated to behave in a more ethical and trustworthy manner through communicative approaches.
00:35:00 In this section of the video, the speaker discusses the importance of building trust and confidence in institutions, particularly in the case of public sector officials. The speaker notes that while there is no reason for people to trust all public officials or all politicians, it's important for at least some to act with integrity, respect for the rules, and accountability. The speaker suggests that transparency and integrity are key to building trust in institutions, and that these values should be theyerally enforced at all levels. The speakr als notes that these values should be reinforced through education, training, and discipline, as well as through laws and regulations that promote transparency and integrity. Finally, the speaker emphasizes the importance of collaboration between cities, regions, and other public entities to build a culture of accountability and transparency.
00:40:00 In this section, Juan Gabriel discusses his opinion on the prevalence of a technocratic view of governance in the public sector. According to him, this perspective sees the actions of citizens as a parameter in a model that primarily focuses on calculating how these actions affect the implementation of decisions. This view, which can be categorized as either a calculative or strategic approach, positions citizens as the target of policies without taking into account their aspirations or involvement in creating a new constitution, as was the case in 1991. Juan Gabriel uses the example of gardeners planting trees in a park without consulting the local community to illustrate this point. He also suggests that new codes of conduct for the police may be necessary to change people's behavior and promote transparency, accountability, and cultural transformation.
00:45:00 Broadcasting News Network (CNN) is a leading global news network owned by AT&T. It was founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. The network produces and airs substantial sports programming, such as the NCAA Men's and Women's Basketball Championships. Its expansion into suburban ratings remains a key battlefront, with CNN facing competition from newscasts with more conventional formats, such as cable news stations, Rolling Stone magazine and ESPN. Along with its main competitor,道塞尔,(Direction), it has faced criticism over some of its coverage, including its reporting of the SARS outbreak. Critics have accused CNN of promoting hysteria and promoting a disproportionate impact on the outbreak. Despite these criticisms, CNN has maintained its prime position as a credible news source, with millions of viewers worldwide.
00:50:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the importance of community involvement in combatting corruption. They argue that traditional methods of giving incentives to individuals are ineffective and should be replaced with an approach that directly engages with the community. The speaker also mentions the importance of recognizing the power of citizens and creating spaces where they can exercise that power, which ties back to the liberalism as a political ideology that strives for separation of powers and accountability. The speaker also mentions the economic power of certain individuals and the ability for them to use their influence to impede legal processes, which highlights the importance of checks and balances.
00:55:00 In this section of the YouTube video, the speaker discusses the correlation between economic inequality and corruption in Latin America. The speaker argues that countries with high levels of economic inequality, such as Brazil and Peru, also tend to have high levels of corruption. The speaker also mentions the case of Odebrecht, a Brazilian construction company that was involved in a scandal in which officials from several countries accepted bribes in exchange for infrastructure projects. The speaker argues that the concentration of economic power can lead to corruption and that countries with socialist systems, such as Venezuela, also face challenges in combating corruption. The speaker suggests that economic reforms that reduce economic inequality are necessary to combat corruption and that governments must be committed to fighting corruption in order to create a more equitable society.

01:00:00 - 01:55:00

The session discussed topics related to governance, integrity, and trust in Brazil's political crisis. Jiménez Torres argued that corruption and inequality were the root causes of the crisis and that addressing them was essential for a more transparent and inclusive society. He proposed the implementation of a random election system to promote a more participatory and inclusive democracy. Liliana Juan Gabriel discussed the importance of technocracy and the need for a reform in the electoral system. She emphasized the idea that trust between people was a crucial element in decision-making and interpersonal relationships. Luis Ernesto discussed the need for citizens to recognize and respect others and the importance of an inclusive and participatory approach in decision-making processes. The speakers also discussed the importance of active listening and involving the community in decision-making processes.

01:00:00 In this section, Jiménez Torres elaborates on the causes of the current political crisis in Brazil, which he argues can be traced back to corruption and inequality. He also emphasizes the importance of establishing a meritocratic and professional bureaucracy and a system of checks and balances to prevent the politization of power. For Jiménez Torres, a crucial aspect of this is the need for a reform in the electoral system, which would guarantee a realistic representation of the different interests and prevent the return of corrupt politicians to power. He ultimately advocates for the implementation of a random election system to promote a more participatory and inclusive democracy.
01:05:00 In this section, Liliana Juan Gabriel reflects on the topic of technocracy and invites others to discuss their perspectives. She argues that the division between technocracy and bureaucratic politics is artificial and that a state that responds politically to the needs of citizens and takes technically viable decisions is the ideal. Juan Gabriel adds that the Technocracy can be defined as the formation of people with the most popular perspective but ultimately it is the way processes of decision-making take place which is more important. The speaker also discusses the idea of ideology and its impact on decision-making in the public sector. However, Juan Gabriel comments that the polarizing effects of certain ideologies can affect the confidence of citizens in the state.
01:10:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the importance of addressing corruption to build more transparent societies. Confianza, or trust between people, is highlighted as a crucial element in this process. The speaker explains that trust is an act of faith in others' honesty and integrity, and it is essential for cooperating and working collectively. The speaker cites statistics from Colombia, which have shown low levels of interpersonal trust for several decades, despite the country's ethical and responsible citizenship. By drawing comparisons with the world, the speaker stresses that Colombia's levels of trust are lagging behind those of developed countries. They emphasize that building trust among people can be vital for promoting prosperity and development in a society.
01:15:00 In this section of the video, the speaker discusses the relationship between trust and productivity, and how it has a positive correlation statistically. The more trust between people, the more productive they tend to be. The speaker also describes how trust can be used in various relationships, such as contracts, norms, and the role of the state. Trust leads to better outcomes for both individuals and society as a whole. The speaker also touches on the relationship between trust and equality, health, education, and safety. They discuss how inertia and rigidity can hinder progress, and how creativity and innovation can lead to breakthroughs. The speaker then goes on to discuss the role of technology in enabling people to connect and build trust with others. The use of new technologies can enable people to form networks and take collective action. Overall, the speaker emphasizes the importance of building trust in all elements of society, and how it can lead to better outcomes for all.
01:20:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the impact of economic capacity on the ability to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. They note that cities with lower levels of informality, such as Bogotá and Nueva York, were able to implement restrictions more effectively because people had more trust in government and in one another. The speaker attributes this success to the use of masks and vaccines, noting that their widespread adoption was influenced by public perception of their effectiveness. The speaker also draws parallels between the use of masks in Bogotá and the widespread adoption of vaccines in Nueva York, noting that the latter faced challenges due to a lack of trust in the government and the decentralization of the healthcare system. The speaker emphasizes the importance of transparency and trust in public health measures, noting that identifying and addressing misinformation and disinformation is critical to maintaining the public's confidence in these measures. The speaker concludes by highlighting the importance of institutional collaboration in developing and implementing effective public health strategies.
01:25:00 In this section of the transcript, the speaker discusses the importance of trust and integrity in relation to public education, security, commercial relationships, and public safety. The speaker explains that when people lack trust in others, they tend to be defensive and fewer accidents occur on the roads. According to the speaker, trust between people is a determinant and it is important to ask how to build trust. The speaker mentions that trust involves talking positively about others, focusing more on the positive rather than the negative, sharing with unknown people, promoting spaces for participation, and being able to share with individuals and events that are not well-known to refuse Point of View of the study. Finally, the speaker mentions that trust may be elevated in Masdar City, as it is based on total trust when it is generalized that it is best to trust.
01:30:00 In this section, Luis Ernesto discusses the need for citizens to recognize and respect others to make positive changes in society. He suggests that countries with high levels of citizen trust tend to have better distributive policies, and that Bogotá, with a population of over 3 million people and low levels of citizen trust, faces a significant challenge in terms of governance and trust building. He also talks about Isabel Pérez's presentation from the previous session, which he finds important and relevant to the current topic. He mentions his own experience of trying to engage with marginalized communities and the difficulties in building a dialogue due to language and cultural barriers. Finally, he talks about the need for an inclusive and participatory approach in decision-making processes.
01:35:00 In this section, the speaker is discussing the importance of active listening and involving the community in decision-making processes. The speaker emphasizes the need to understand the hardships faced by the community during a crisis, and that incorporating input from the community could have helped mitigate some of the problems faced during the pandemic. The speaker also emphasizes the need to involve the community in the decision-making process, rather than just talking about their needs. The speaker gives the example of how listening to community leaders in the medical industry during the pandemic could have helped faster response and implementation of solutions.
01:40:00 In this section, the speaker shares the story of how a person started an online platform, called "Airbnb," in order to offer affordable housing options to people who were struggling to find a place to stay. The platform quickly gained popularity and became successful.
01:45:00 In this section Of the YouTube video titled "Sesión 8: Gobernanza, integridad y confianza", the speakers discuss two central steps for building trust between people who have different ideologies, life experiences, and cultural backgrounds. First, changing the schema of trust from one based on knowledge and similarity to one based on reputation and status can help build trust. Second, addressing the problem of distancing between cultures and people can be done by emphasizing proximity, empathy, and respect for other cultures, even if they differ greatly. The video also touches on the importance of information and how providing bad or insufficient information can lead to mistrust. The speakers highlight the concept of equilibrium in terms of the number of comments and word count, which can help build trust without going too far. Overall, the video discusses how new technologies can help solve collective action problems, similar to how Airbnb's successful use of technology facilitated travel and accommodation.
01:50:00 In this section of the video, the speaker discusses the importance of professing solidarity within a professional union and improving traditional representative models of decision-making by seeking out participative methods that allow for the aggregation of knowledge. The speaker considers the importance of deliberation and expertise in contributing to the quality of decisions and argues that direct participatory mechanisms can be effective in achieving this goal. The speaker also discusses the challenges of democratically selecting representatives and the ways in which knowledge can be aggregated through various mechanisms, including random selection and other participative processes. The speaker concludes by emphasizing the importance of participation and the need to continue exploring ideas related to this topic. The speaker refrains from providing a detailed summary of the entire session, stating that they will create infographics to be shared in the classroom.
01:55:00 In this section, a Google Meet session is described where individuals can ask questions about group chat and tutoring to clarify their doubts. The link for connection is sent to their email address and second message. Additionally, the fifth international forum on priority and transparency is also discussed, where attendees can join in virtual and/or in-person mode. The form to register for the auditorium, which is for United Nations University Rectorio de la Universidad, is provided. It is mentioned that all are invited to the upcoming sequence, which focuses on building ethical culture in the public sector and is a continuation of the current topic.