Summary of Arithmetic, Population and Energy - FULL LENGTH

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00:00:00 - 01:00:00

The video discusses the idea that population growth and the rates of consumption of resources cannot be sustained. It argues that this follows from the arithmetic of steady growth, which has been a dominant trend in human activities over the past few centuries. The video then discusses the idea that population growth and sustainability are linked, and points to the need for people to understand this arithmetic in order to be sustainable.

  • 00:00:00 The presenter explains the exponential function and its importance in mathematics. He explains that, for example, it takes a longer time to grow something 100% than it does to grow it 50% initially. He also discusses how the doubling time is calculated using the equation: 1- paragraph + 1.
  • 00:05:00 This 1-paragraph summary of the video discusses how arithmetic and population growth affects the amount of energy available to us. The video also discusses how President Carter's famous statement "America depends on electricity" is a reflection of the long history of steady growth in the electric industry.
  • 00:10:00 The video discusses how, in the future, if the world population continues to grow at 1.3% per year, the world will reach a density of one person per square meter on the dry land surface of the earth within 770 years. It also discusses how, in 1986, world population reached 5 billion people, and how, in 1990, the world population reached 6 billion people.
  • 00:15:00 The author discusses how population growth rates can be affected by various factors, and how these factors can make the problem worse. He then discusses how education can help solve the population problem, and how the growth rate of Boulder, Colorado, could be slowed if we continued to grow at the historic rate of 6%.
  • 00:20:00 This video discusses population growth and energy consumption, and how Boulder is doing comparatively well. It cites a study that shows Boulder has a 3% growth rate, which is much lower than other cities with similar populations. The video also discusses how growth can be controlled, and how a finite environment can lead to problems with bacteria doubling in number every minute.
  • 00:25:00 The video discusses the idea that oil reserves may be running low and that there is a finite amount of oil left on Earth. The video then discusses the consequences of running out of oil, and how it could be possible to continue having a 7% growth rate if new oil reserves are discovered.
  • 00:30:00 The speaker discusses arithmetic, population, and energy. He points out that, according to an estimate from 1971, the United States has enough coal reserves to last 500 years. If we continue at our current growth rate, coal will run out within the lifetime of children currently living in the country. To avoid this, we would need to achieve 8% annual growth in coal production and have no growth for the next 30 years.
  • 00:35:00 In the 1970s, the United States was concerned about energy, and experts reassured the public that there was no need to be concerned. However, in the 1980s, the concerns about energy disappeared, and the energy crisis has now returned. The director of the energy division of the Oak Ridge National Laboratories estimates that America's coal reserves could last a minimum of three hundred years, and a maximum of a thousand years. Newsweek magazine also reports that under present rates of consumption, the United States has enough coal for six hundred and sixty six years.
  • 00:40:00 In this video, Dr. David Brower discusses the policy of "strength to exhaustion" in regards to non-renewable resources. He explains that, in order to achieve energy self-sufficiency, the US must mine all the coal that it can now. He also cites an example of this policy in the form of William Simon, who advised the President of the United States on energy issues. Simon said that, in order to achieve energy self-sufficiency, the US should be drilling as many holes as possible to get the proven oil reserves. This calculation has implications for the debate over drilling in the Arctic Wildlife Refuge. The area under the entire curve represents the entire resource of US petroleum before any of it was used. However, now that area has been divided into three parts: unshaded on the left, that is the oil we've taken from the ground; shaded and green on the right, the oil we've drilled into and found; and shaded and red on the right, the oil we've got to find if we're going to make it down the curve on schedule.
  • 00:45:00 This video discusses the various factors that go into estimating the amount of oil that will be discovered and used up, and how the estimate has changed over time. The video then discusses how world oil production has been declining and suggests that the peak of production will occur in approximately 2019.
  • 00:50:00 The author of the video discusses how the world will run out of oil in 10,000 years, depending on how much is being used. Non-scientists have differing opinions on the matter, with some claiming that petroleum reserves are greater than ever and others saying that production will decline soon. The author also discusses how corn can be used to produce ethanol, which displaces oil imports, but at a cost of using up all the agricultural land in the US.
  • 00:55:00 The video discusses the idea that population growth and the rates of consumption of resources cannot be sustained. It argues that this follows from the arithmetic of steady growth, which has been a dominant trend in human activities over the past few centuries. The video then discusses the idea that population growth and sustainability are linked, and points to the need for people to understand this arithmetic in order to be sustainable.

01:00:00 - 01:10:00

The video discusses the problems caused by overpopulation, and how we have the responsibility to deal with the problem. It also provides an example, the Nile River, of how humans have reacted to a situation that is true but unpleasant.

  • 01:00:00 The author discusses how population growth, itself, is not sufficient for sustainability, but there is no way to have sustainability without stopping population growth. He also discusses how population growth affects democracy, and how overpopulation will eventually destroy human dignity.
  • 01:05:00 The video discusses the population growth problem in the United States, how arithmetic shows that long-term preservation of the environment is impossible, and how we have the responsibility and authority to deal with the problem. The presenter also provides an example, the Nile River, of how humans have reacted to a situation that is true but unpleasant.
  • 01:10:00 The video discusses the problems caused by the solution to the problem of overpopulation, which is the increase in population. Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. points out that the problem is soluble, and that there is a lack of knowledge about the solution, but that there is a need for universal consciousness of the gravity of the problem.

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