Summary of 02 Emptiness and the Mind Perceiving It with Dr. Jay L. Garfield 05-09-20

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00:00:00 - 01:00:00

In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the idea of emptiness from the subjective side, which is different from emptiness in terms of dependent designation. He explains that emptiness of dependent designation is the imagined nature or the doily or the imputed nature of emptiness, while subjective emptiness is the understanding that one's own mind and body are merely dependent on conditions. He says that this distinction is important for understanding how we construct our world, and that it is a wiring that we are built with that allows us to interact with other people. Finally, he mentions a phrase from Edmund Husserl that helps to explain the difference.

00:00:00 In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield summarizes the main points of his talk on yoga chart tradition, focusing on the idea of emptiness from the side of the subject (rather than the side of the object), and non-duality. He also discusses the potential benefits of pursuing this philosophy, including the goal of cutting off the roots of samsara. Finally, he asks for feedback on his teaching, noting that zoom is a difficult medium to use.
00:05:00 Dr. Jay Garfield discusses the difference between epistemology and phenomenology, explaining that epistemology is the study of how our minds know things, while phenomenology is the study of the structure of our experience. He goes on to say that while both epistemology and phenomenology overlap, phenomenology is more philosophical in nature and focuses on describing the experience of the mind rather than prescribing how to know things.
00:10:00 In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the relationship between emptiness and the mind. He discusses how emptiness is closely related to mental processes, but they are looking at them from slightly different perspectives. He explains that this distinction will become clearer as they go, and that the waters will get muddy later in the talk. Garfield discusses the Buddhist perspective on suffering, and how it is an existential situation. He also discusses the fundamental insights of yoga chara. He suggests that everything that a yoga chara practitioner believes is fundamental is inside of yoga chara, and that it is not about assigning a special status to the mind. He ends the talk by suggesting that everything that a yoga chara practitioner believes is fundamental is inside of yoga chara.
00:15:00 In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the nature of external phenomena and the mind perceiving it. He says that, because the mind is a faulty instrument, when we investigate the world or our own minds, we are using a faulty instrument. He goes on to say that, when doing epistemology, we have to ask ourselves what the limitations are of our own investigations.
00:20:00 Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the idea of emptiness, which he describes as "the absence of inherent existence." He discusses the concepts of pramanas and promet, and how they work together to help us gain knowledge of the world. He discusses the idea of Madhyama Qey, and how it can be seen as wagging its finger at us, telling us to stop trying to do metaphysics. Finally, he talks about the Monica Project, and how it is a metaphysical project that seeks to understand the absence of a metaphysical understanding.
00:25:00 This video discusses emptiness from the subjective side, which is different from emptiness in terms of dependence on parts and wholes. Yoga Chara will focus on the emptiness of the Apple, which is of the object of knowledge. They will ask how it is that I become aware of the Apple, what structures my awareness of the Apple, and why the Apple is empty.
00:30:00 Dr. Jay Garfield discusses the similarities and differences between the Western and Indian philosophical traditions. He notes that both are full of insights that can be fruitful dialogue partners, and that distinctions between the two are often unfounded.
00:35:00 This video discusses the difference between how we experience the world, as humans, and how different species experience the world. It also discusses how the mind is necessary for the world to be experienced in a certain way.
00:40:00 In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the difference between emptiness of dependent designation and subjective emptiness. He explains that emptiness of dependent designation is the imagined nature or the doily or the imputed nature of emptiness, while subjective emptiness is the understanding that one's own mind and body are merely dependent on conditions. He says that this distinction is important for understanding how we construct our world, and that it is a wiring that we are built with that allows us to interact with other people. Finally, he mentions a phrase from Edmund Husserl that helps to explain the difference.
00:45:00 In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the natural attitude that is our instinctive attitude towards the world. He explains that, through careful Buddhist practice and analysis, we can step behind that attitude and come to take responsibility for it. The first idea that we'll encounter in Yoga Chara is the idea of the ally of in Jana, which is the foundation consciousness that drives our conscious life. Freudian theory suggests that the mind is completely transparent, but this is not true. Yoga Chara texts describe the ally of in Jana as a set of unconscious cognitive processes that drive our conscious life. People can think of this as a "Freudian" idea, in which the mind is seen as being completely transparent.
00:50:00 Dr. Jay Garfield discusses the three nature's, the three nature lessness, and emptiness in yoga theory. He argues that these concepts are equally important, and that a comprehensive view of yoga Chara thought requires understanding all three. After discussing Chapter 7 of a translation of the Sutra on Unraveling the Thong, he goes on to discuss a late text by Vasa Bondo, Trees from Xavier deja in Tibetan.
00:55:00 In this video, Dr. Jay Garfield discusses the idea of pramanas, or "observations," of the mind. He states that while mind and brain are different, they are both involved in the production and maintenance of the mind. He also discusses the idea of luminosity, or the nature of the mind, and how it differs from the mind as discussed in this video.

01:00:00 - 01:45:00

In the video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the concept of emptiness and how it is perceived by the mind. He explains that the mind constructs the concept of emptiness, and that it can be used as a tool for liberation. He also discusses the three natures of objects of experience: conventional, ultimate, and consummate.

01:00:00 The video discusses the nature of the mind and how it can be seen as either clear and luminous or opaque and distorted. It goes on to discuss the different translations of the Sunday Kountermouth and how each one is good in its own way. The last topic discussed is the relationship between Buddhist and Western theories of the mind.
01:05:00 The original Sanskrit text of the Sunday sutra is lost, but the Chinese and Tibetan translations reveal that it was most likely completed in the third century CE. Some material in the text demotes the importance of the individual, and commentators have focused on the version of the text that is currently available. Garfield's book was originally published in a different, more primitive form, and he has since re-written it.
01:10:00 The sixth and seventh chapters of the Buddhist sutra, the Granada Sutra, focus on the three natures of phenomena-the arising of good qualities (Guna Cara), the continuance of good qualities (Guna Pita), and the destruction of bad qualities (Guna Raja). The importance of this grammatical point is highlighted in the text.
01:15:00 The three nature's in Buddhism are "imputed," "consummated," and "para Tantra." The first two are past participles, while the third is a nominal construction. The para Tantra nature is neutral and refers to how things are in and of themselves.
01:20:00 The video discusses the difference between a past participle and a simple description, and how this affects the mind's perception of reality. It then goes on to discuss the three natures of reality- the first nature, the third nature, and the middle nature. The middle nature is the most neutral between the other two, and is what is done to the dependent nature. The video foreshadows the idea that the middle nature is more than just a conventional reality, and that it can be seen as a path to deeper understanding of the structure of experience.
01:25:00 In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the concept of emptiness and its various aspects. He discusses how the mind perceives emptiness, and how the concept of emptiness is constructed by the mind. He also discusses how the concept of emptiness can be used as a tool to liberation.
01:30:00 In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the three natures of objects of experience: conventional, ultimate, and consummate. He explains that the consummate nature is something that we accomplish, not something that is an object for a subject.
01:35:00 The video discusses the experience of emptiness, and how it can be perceived with Dr. Jay L. Garfield. They go on to discuss the three nature's of emptiness: the imagined nature, the subject-object nature, and the ality-independent nature. The video explains that, although emptiness is produced through causes and conditions, it is nevertheless permanent and attainable through practice.
01:40:00 In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the three natures of an apple- its dependent, imagined, and consummate nature. He notes that, while all three are real, the imagined nature is the most important, as it is the one we experience.
01:45:00 In this video, Dr. Jay L. Garfield discusses the three nature's of the Apple: the imagined nature, the dependent nature, and the consummate nature. Understanding each of these is essential to understanding experience and the emptiness of intrinsic nature of objects.