Summary of La REGULACIÓN del Ciclo Celular

00:00:00 - 00:10:00

This video discusses the regulation of the cellular cycle and how it can impact cancer development. The cellular cycle is controlled by various points of control, and when one of these points is not functioning correctly, it can lead to cancer. The video also discusses the protein p53 and how it can help to prevent cancer by inducing apoptosis in cells with damaged DNA.

• 00:00:00 In a multicelular organism, different types of cells divide in a regulated manner when this does not happen in a particular group of cells that are growing excessively can invade other tissues and interrupt normal organ function this is what happens in cancer. In today's video, we are going to explore the regulation of the cellular cycle. Welcome to a new edition of our nutrients series. Certain external conditions, such as a lack of nutrients, changes in temperature or pH, and the presence of adjacent cells, can stop cell growth and division while certain hormones and factors of growth can stimulate mitosis. The hormones and factors of growth typically bind to receptor proteins of white cells, this binding produces a cascade of events within the cell that pushes division forward. However, the cell does not only respond to external stimuli, it also has internal regulation mechanisms that culminate in a decision to divide or not divide at a point in the cellular cycle when different controls intervene. Today, we know that the cellular cycle is finally regulated by phosphorylation and degradation of proteins that form complex complexes. These complex complexes contain two subunits, a regulator and a catalitic subunit. The regulator subunit is called cyclin A due to its cyclical expression within the cell. Cyclin
• 00:05:00 The cellular cycle is regulated by the accumulation and degradation of cyclic molecules, such as cyclin proteins. These molecules are responsible for the initiation and progression of the cell cycle. Cyclin proteins are activated by the presence of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which in turn are activated by the presence of cyclins. Cyclin-dependent kinases are present at all times, but their activation depends on the presence of specific cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. The cellular cycle marches in a single direction due to the discovery of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and the associated hardware, awarded with the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2001 jointly to Timothy Hunt and Phillip Sharp. This video will focus on the first two checkpoints in the cell cycle (G1 and G2), and the importance of the cyclin-dependent kinases and cyclins in regulating the cell cycle.
• 00:10:00 The video discusses the regulation of the cellular cycle. The cellular cycle is a process by which cells divide and prepare to start the synthesis of new DNA. The video discusses the three points of control that determine the damage done to the DNA in the cellular cycle: the point of control of the armament of the mitotic spindle, the point of control of the segregation of chromosomes, and the point of control of the dose of DNA damage. These points of control are important in the prevention of cancer. When one of these points of control is not functioning correctly, cancer can develop. The video also discusses the protein p53, which can inhibit the cellular cycle in two key points: the point of control of the armament of the mitotic spindle and the point of control of the segregation of chromosomes. When p53 is not functional, cells are able to divide in a completely random manner, which can lead to the generation of cancer cells that contain an abnormal number of chromosomes. p53 is also able to induce apoptosis, or cell death, in cells that have experienced DNA damage. The video provides a lot of information and new concepts that may be helpful in understanding this topic. If you found this video helpful, please like and subscribe to the channel to keep up