Summary of Yuval Noah Harari, Rutger Bregman, Zanny Minton Beddoes and Victor Pinchuk | YES Online Conversation

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00:00:00 - 01:00:00

Experts discuss the idea that human nature is basically decent, but that there are darker aspects to our nature that can lead to atrocities. They argue that we need a multi-layered explanation for these dark aspects of human behavior, and that the current pandemic may be a good opportunity to establish democratic regimes.

00:00:00 Yuval Noah Harari and Rutger Bregman discuss their books and why they believe that humankind is special. They also discuss the current crisis and how mankind needs an action plan. Zanny Beddoes moderates the conversation.
00:05:00 Yuval Noah Harari and Rutger Bregman discuss the evolution of human nature, with Harari emphasizing the importance of cooperation in large numbers. Zanny Minton Beddoes and Victor Pinchuk, both experts in their fields, join the conversation to provide additional perspective. President of Ukraine Petro Zelensky tweets about his admiration for Hariri Yuval and the impact of COVID-19 on humanity.
00:10:00 Yuval Noah Harari, Rutger Bregman, Zanny Minton Beddoes and Victor Pinchuk discuss the idea that before civilization and agriculture, life was much better for the vast majority of people. Harari argues that the role of power is important in the spread of epidemics, and Beddoes points out that before civilization, child mortality was much lower.
00:15:00 Yuval Noah Harari and other panelists discuss the human nature debate, with Harari agreeing that humans are "basically kind and friendly" but noting that when groups of people are organized into large societies, negative phenomena can arise. They also discuss the possibility of establishing democratic regimes, with Harari noting that democracy was originally characteristic of all human societies.
00:20:00 Yuval Noah Harari discusses how human nature has not changed over time, and how democracy becomes impossible once large-scale societies are formed. Victor Pinchuk responds that democracy can be improved by treating citizens as active participants, and Rutger Bregman believes that technology has helped to enable a more hopeful view of human nature.
00:25:00 Yuval Noah Harari and Rutger Bregman discuss the nature of evil, violence, and large-scale societies, with Rutger Bregman arguing that despite the good nature of individuals, history has shown that positive outcomes are not inevitable. Zanny Minton Beddoes brings up the topic of hope, which is different from optimism, as it shows the possibility of change. Victor Pinchuk asks about who is to blame for the current state of the world, with Yuval Noah Harari arguing that it is up to us, the people, to create justice.
00:30:00 Yuval Noah Harari discusses the idea that human nature is basically decent, but that there are darker aspects to our nature that can lead to atrocities such as slavery, genocide, and the Nazis. He argues that we need a multi-layered explanation for these dark aspects of human behavior and that it is too early to say how big a deal the pandemic of 2014 will be.
00:35:00 Rutger Bregman and other experts discuss the successes and failures of the global response to the pandemic, with Rutger noting that the state is now being reimagined as an active player in society.
00:40:00 Yuval Noah Harari discusses the concept of the "triumph of science" and how this has both accelerated existing trends and created new dangers for societies. He also discusses the potential for the end of neoliberalism and how the pandemic has accelerated this process.
00:45:00 Yuval Noah Harari, Rutger Bregman, Zanny Minton Beddoes, and Victor Pinchuk discuss the future of mass surveillance and its effects on society. They discuss how people can overcome their paranoia and mistrust of experts by relying on facts and evidence. They also discuss the current conflict between science and conspiracy theories.
00:50:00 The video discusses how humans can be rational and successful in both truth and fiction, citing examples of people who were successful in the past despite believing in fake news or conspiracy theories. It argues that the truth will eventually prevail, as those who are prone to believing in fake news and conspiracy theories are not able to effectively organize and create new weapons.
00:55:00 The video discusses how, in recent years, there has been a shift in the desire of people to do something about climate change, with more people wanting to see radical changes rather than just low-probability events. Rutger Bregman and Victor Pinchuk discuss how this might be good news for climate change, as it shows that even though it may be difficult, it is possible to make a big impact. Yuval Noah Harari discusses how the concept of victory speed helped during World War II, when people were willing to make sacrifices in order to win the war. He questions whether or not people are willing to make the same sacrifices to prevent climate change, and asks what the necessary tax rates would be to make this happen.

01:00:00 - 01:25:00

This video features a discussion between Yuval Noah Harari, Rutger Bregman, Zanny Minton Beddoes, and Victor Pinchuk about the current global situation and how it may affect various aspects of society. They discuss the importance of global cooperation in order to overcome the recent economic crisis, and offer their thoughts on how to improve education and the workplace.

01:00:00 Yuval Noah Harari and Rutger Bregman discuss the possible consequences of the pandemic, with Harari emphasizing the importance of cooperation between the United States and China in order to tackle climate change. Beddoes and Pinchuk weigh in on geopolitics and the arms race, respectively. Harari concludes the conversation by stressing the importance of historical perspective in facing the challenges of the 21st century.
01:05:00 In the year 2020, the world went online and became digital. This created many dangers, including the possibility of a cyber war. Rutger Bregman, Zanny Minton Beddoes, Yuval Noah Harari, and Victor Pinchuk discuss the idea of basic income, which is a gradual shift towards providing a universal basic income to all people. This is a sign of trust in society, and Rutger believes that Covid-19 has accelerated this trend.
01:10:00 Yuval Noah Harari and other panelists discuss the current global situation and how it may affect various aspects of society, including the idea of universal basic income. They note that while there may be some positives to the current crisis, it may also lead to increased global inequality.
01:15:00 Yuval Noah Harari and Rutger Bregman debate the pros and cons of nationalism and globalism, with Rutger emphasizing the importance of self-confident nationalism in order to cooperate on global issues.
01:20:00 Yuval Noah Harari discusses the potential risks of technology and climate change, Rutger Bregman shares his concerns about income inequality, Zanny Minton Beddoes discusses the geopolitical risks of the rise of China and other countries, and Victor Pinchuk discusses the need for a global plan to deal with the pandemic.
01:25:00 Yuval Noah Harari and Rutger Bregman discuss the importance of global cooperation in order to overcome the recent economic crisis. Victor Pinchuk also joins the discussion, and Rutger offers his thoughts on how to improve education and the workplace. Zanny Minton Beddoes offers her perspective on the potential dangers of AI development and climate change, and the conversation comes to a close. Overall, the discussion emphasizes the importance of open communication and understanding between individuals in order to make progress on a variety of fronts.