The speaker in the video discusses the basics of neural networks and deep learning. He explains how backpropagation works and how it can be used to train deep neural networks. He also discusses the differences between supervised and unsupervised learning, and how deep learning has changed the way these networks work. Finally, he discusses the importance of routing by agreement and how it can improve the performance of deep learning models.
00:00:00 The "Neural Networks and Deep Learning" specialization on Coursera provides a comprehensive overview of the foundations and practical aspects of deep learning. This course, the first in the specialization, covers the basics of neural networks and deep learning, including how to build a new network and train it on data. The second course, which is three weeks long, demystifies some of the black magic involved in machine learning, while the third and fourth courses cover best practices for data distribution and machine learning project structure, respectively. In the fifth course, you learn about sequence models, which are used to process natural language.
00:05:00 In this video, you will learn about neural networks and deep learning. You will understand how a neural network works, and see examples of how it can be used to predict things like housing prices, family size, and school quality.
00:10:00 In this video, the instructor discusses neural networks and deep learning. Neural networks are a type of machine learning that are used to process large amounts of data. Neural networks are particularly good at learning functions that map between input features and output values. Neural networks are commonly used in supervised learning, which is when an input, x, is mapped to an output, y, in a known way. Another type of machine learning, unsupervised learning, does not have this known mapping. In computer vision, for example, neural networks are used to process images. In speech recognition, neural networks are used to process audio. In translation, neural networks are used to process text. Finally, in autonomous driving, neural networks are used to process sensor data.
00:15:00 Neural networks are used in a variety of applications, including image recognition, natural language processing, and speech recognition. Neural network architectures can vary significantly, depending on the application.
00:20:00 This video explains why neural networks have recently become so powerful, and how they can be used to solve problems with large amounts of data.
00:25:00 This 1-paragraph summary introduces the topic of neural networks and deep learning, and explains how fast computation isimportant for training these networks.
00:30:00 This course provides a basic understanding of deep learning and neural network programming. The first week covers the foundations of deep learning, the second week covers neural network programming, the third week covers a single hidden layer neural network, and the fourth week covers building a deep neural network. The fifth and final week features an interview with Jeffrey Hinton, the inventor of deep learning.
00:35:00 This 1-paragraph summary is about the YouTube video "Neural Networks and Deep Learning (Complete Course)", in which Professor Geoffrey Hinton describes his personal story behind the development of neural networks and deep learning. Hinton credits his high school classmate for inspiring him to become interested in the brain, and he eventually switched to psychology at university to study how the brain stores memories. He then went on to receive a PhD in artificial intelligence from UC Santa Cruz, and he now works as a professor at the University of Toronto. Hinton's seminal paper on neural networks, "Backpropagation through Time: A Neural Network Approach to Error Backpropagation," was accepted for publication in Nature in 1986, and it helped to popularize deep learning.
00:40:00 The individual features so we actually trained it on little triplets of words about family trees like mother victoria and you'd give it the first two words and it would have to predict the last word. After you trained it you could see all sorts of features in the representations of the individual words like the nationality of the person and their what generation they were which branch of the family tree they were in and so on. This was what made stuart sutherland really impressed with it and i think that was why the paper got accepted very early. Neural networks and deep learning are two different strands of ideas that were unified by this backpropagation example.
00:45:00 This 1-minute video discusses Neural Networks and Deep Learning, with particular focus on a paper from 1993 that showed how to approximate Bayesian inference using a gaussian model. In the present day, this work is used to train deep belief nets, which are a popular way of doing machine learning.
00:50:00 The speaker discusses some of the concepts behind deep neural networks and deep learning, including how backpropagation works and how it can be used to reconstruct a network's past activites. He also mentions a paper he is working on on the relationship between backpropagation and the brain.
00:55:00 The presenter discusses the differences between neural networks used for supervised and unsupervised learning, and how deep learning has changed the way these networks work. He also discusses the importance of routing by agreement and how it can improve the performance of deep learning models.
The video provides an overview of neural networks and deep learning, and offers advice for those who want to learn more about these technologies. It recommends that you read the literature and develop your intuitions, and then trust them. It also recommends never giving up, and finding an advisor with similar beliefs to help you with your research.
01:00:00 The author discusses how his understanding of deep learning has changed over the years, and how he believes that unsupervised learning will be crucial for achieving success in the field. He also gives advice on how to get into deep learning.
01:05:00 The video discusses neural networks and deep learning, and provides advice for people who want to learn these technologies. It says that to be successful, you need to read the literature and develop intuitions, and then trust them. It also recommends never giving up, and finding an advisor with similar beliefs to help you with your research.
01:10:00 In this video, Jeff Hawkins discusses the evolution of deep learning, which has gone from being a largely symbolic field to one that relies on vectors of neural activity. He also shares his thoughts on the importance of certain techniques when programming neural networks, such as using a for loop to process training examples.
01:15:00 In this week's video, the instructor lays out some notation and explains how a neural network works. They discuss how a feature vector is used to represent an image and how a logistic regression algorithm is used to classify images. Finally, they provide a brief overview of how to set up a training set and how to write a training set in more compact notation.
01:20:00 In this video, the instructor defines a matrix, introduces the concept of a sigmoid function, and shows how it can be used to generate predictions in binary classification problems.
01:25:00 In this video, the instructor discusses the basic concepts of neural networks and deep learning. He then goes on to explain how a cost function can be used to train the parameters of a logistic regression model.
01:30:00 In this video, the author explains how a loss function is used to measure the accuracy of an algorithm. The function y log y hat is used in logistic regression, and is different from the loss function used in other models such as linear regression. The intuition behind this loss function is that it wants the logarithm of y hat to be as big as possible, but never bigger than 1.
01:35:00 In this video, you'll learn about the cost function and gradient descent algorithm used to train a logistic regression model. The cost function measures how well your model's predictions compare to the ground truth, and is a convex function, meaning that it has a single, global optimal. Using a convex cost function makes the gradient descent algorithm a more efficient choice for learning model parameters.
01:40:00 Gradient descent is a algorithm used to find the global optimum of a function. It starts at an initial point, takes a step in the steepest downhill direction, and updates the parameter w using the derivative dw.
01:45:00 In this video, the presenter introduces calculus, which is a mathematical tool used in deep learning, neural networks, and other fields. Calculus is a bit complicated and can be skipped by those who are expert in it, but for the rest of us, the presenter recommends watching the videos and doing the homework.
01:50:00 This video explains derivatives, which are slope values on a line. The slope of a line is equal to 3, meaning that a tiny nudge to the right raises the value of the function by three times as much.
01:55:00 The derivative of a function can be different at different points, depending on the value of a. This is illustrated in a video where the slope of the function is different at different points, depending on the value of a.
This video explains how to compute derivatives for logistic regression using the computation graph. It also demonstrates how to vectorize code for computing the derivatives of a logistic regression model, which can significantly speed up the code.
02:00:00 This video discusses how the derivative of a function can be used to predict how much the function will change when given a small nudge in one or more directions.
02:05:00 This video explains how to compute derivatives using a computation graph, and how to use the graph to optimize a function.
02:10:00 This video explains how derivatives work in neural networks and deep learning. It shows how to compute the derivative of a final output variable with respect to a input variable. It also explains how to use the chain rule to resolve the derivative.
02:15:00 Backpropagation is a process of learning a model from data, and in this course, the instructor introduces a new notation for representing the derivative of a final output variable with respect to various intermediate quantities. Through a series of examples, they show that backpropagation is a linear process that can be computed using the chain rule of calculus.
02:20:00 In this video, the author demonstrates how to compute derivatives for logistic regression using the computation graph.
02:25:00 The video explains neural networks and deep learning, and goes on to show how to compute the derivatives of a loss with respect to a particular input.
02:30:00 In this video, the instructor explains how to apply gradient descent to a logistic regression model using derivatives. First, they initialize all variables, and then use a for loop to compute derivatives for each training example. Finally, they add up all the derivatives and divide by the number of training examples.
02:35:00 Vectorization is the process of converting a series of sequential calculations into a single, parallel operation. This can be helpful when working with large data sets or when vectorizing complex calculations.
02:40:00 The video explains the difference between a vectorized and a non-vectorized implementation of the transpose function, and demonstrates the difference with a demo. The vectorized version of the transpose function executed in less than 1.5 milliseconds, while the non-vectorized version took approximately 500 milliseconds.
02:45:00 Vectorization can significantly speed up your code, especially when avoiding explicit for loops. The rule of thumb is to always use a built-in function or find another way to compute whatever you need.
02:50:00 A for loop can be eliminated in favor of vector operations in code for computing the derivatives of a logistic regression model. Doing so can significantly speed up the code.
02:55:00 This video demonstrates how to compute the values of z1 through zm, all at once, using one line of code. The code defines a new variable, capital a, which is the result of stacking lowercase a's. The video also shows how to compute a sigmoid function, which takes capital z as a input and outputs capital a.
This video provides an overview of neural networks and deep learning. It explains how they work and how they can be used to achieve different goals. It also offers tips for debugging Python code and for executing code blocks.
03:00:00 In this video, you'll see how you can use vectorization to efficiently compute the predictions for an entire training set of lowercase letters all at the same time. You'll also see how you can use vectorization to perform the gradient computations for all m training examples at the same time. Finally, you'll see how you can derive a very efficient implementation of logistic regression using this vectorized technique.
03:05:00 In this video, the author discusses how neural networks and deep learning work and how to vectorize an inefficient non-vectorized implementation. The author also provides an example of gradient descent using a for loop and explains how to eliminate explicit folders.
03:10:00 Broadcasting is a technique that you can use to make certain parts of your python code run more efficiently. In this video, we'll see how broadcasting works and how it can be used to calculate the percentage of calories from carbs, proteins, and fats in different foods.
03:15:00 In this video, the instructor explains how neural networks and deep learning work. He goes over the basics of matrix multiplication and broadcasting, and gives examples of how this works in practice. Finally, he provides a more general principle of broadcasting in Python.
03:20:00 In this video, the instructor shares tips and tricks for debugging Python and neural network code. Some of the tricks include avoiding data structures with a rank one array shape, printing transposes instead of inner products, and understanding the difference between a 1-by-5 matrix and a rank one array.
03:25:00 This video covers the basics of neural networks and deep learning, including how to create data structures and write code. It recommends that, when programming exercises or implementing logistic regression, instead of using rank one arrays, you use either n by one matrices or basic column vectors or one by n matrices. It also offers tips for converting text into a nice looking format and for executing code blocks.
03:30:00 In this video, the instructor walks through some tips for code execution, explains the cost function for logistic regression, and shows how it applies to the two cases of y = 0 and y = 1.
03:35:00 This video discusses neural networks and deep learning, providing a complete course. It explains how to compute the probability of a given label in a training set using the logistic regression model. The cost function is then minimized, resulting in a better estimation of the parameters of the model.
03:40:00 The video discusses how deep reinforcement learning can be used to achieve goals in many different fields, including self-driving cars. The video also provides an example of a safety issue that needs to be taken into account when using deep reinforcement learning.
03:45:00 In this video, Professor Andrew Ng provides an update on the state of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning, discussing how their understanding of these fields has evolved over the years. He also advises viewers on how to pursue a career in AI, stressing the importance of trying things yourself and trying to see the connection between your work and the impact it can have.
03:50:00 This video explains that neural networks and deep learning are already working well and can be used in many different ways, including in businesses.
03:55:00 In this video, you learn about neural networks and deep learning, and how they work. You also learn about the notation and the layers involved.
The video explains how to optimize a neural network using the gradient descent technique. It also explains how to vectorize a neural network so that it can compute predictions for all of its training examples at once. Finally, the video explains how to use different activation functions and how to optimize neural networks.
04:00:00 In this video, the instructor introduces the concept of a neural network, and provides a brief explanation of what a hidden layer is. He then goes on to introduce notation for neural networks with multiple hidden layers. Finally, the instructor explains how a neural network calculates its output.
04:05:00 In this video, the instructor goes through the details of a neural network, explaining how it performs two steps of computation--the first step is to compute z, and the second step is to compute a one 1 equals sigmoid of z. The instructor then goes on to explain how to vectorize these equations, and how to compute z as a vector. Finally, the instructor shows how to add b vectors to the equation to get the b11, b12, b13, and b14 vectors.
04:10:00 This video explains how neural networks work and how to implement them using vector notation. Neural networks can be thought of as a way to model complex, real-world phenomena using a series of simple mathematical equations. This video shows how to compute the output of a neural network using vector notation.
04:15:00 In this video, the instructor shows how to vectorize a neural network so that it can compute predictions for all of its training examples at once. To do this, you need to compute z1, z2, and a1, a2, which are the weights, the bias, and the activation function for the first and second layers, respectively.
04:20:00 This video explains how neural networks are implemented using vectorization, and how this works for different training examples. The equations shown correspond to a correct implementation of vectorization.
04:25:00 In this video, the author explains how neural networks and deep learning work. He explains that, in order to apply deep learning to a problem, you need to first vectorize the problem. He then goes on to explain how forward propagation works, and how stacking training examples in columns allows you to apply deep learning to a problem. Finally, the author explains that, by vectorizing a problem, you can also solve it using a similar approach.
04:30:00 In this video, the author explains how neural networks work and how to vectorize them across multiple examples. The author also explains how to use different activation functions and how to optimize neural networks.
04:35:00 The most common activation function used in neural networks is the value function, which takes a max of 0 and z to calculate the derivative. Other activation functions include the sigmoid function and the 10h function. The sigmoid function is best for binary classification, while the 10h function is better for all other units. If you are not sure which activation function to use, use the relu function.
04:40:00 Activation functions are a key part of deep learning, and are used to optimize the performance of a neural network. A variety of activation functions are available, but some are more effective than others for specific applications.
04:45:00 In this video, the instructor discusses neural networks and deep learning, noting that a linear hidden layer is usually useless and that a linear activation function can be used in the output layer only if the input is positive. He also points out that it is possible to use calculus to prove that the slope of the sigmoid function is 1 - g of z. Next, he discusses gradient descent, explaining that to set up for the discussion, one needs to estimate the slope of the derivatives of individual activation functions.
04:50:00 The hyperbolic tangent function is used to approximate the derivative of a given function. The derivative of a given function can be approximated by the hyperbolic tangent function if the function is between -1 and 1. In a neural network, the value of a neuron is determined by the maximum of the input value and the neuron's activation function. The derivative of the activation function is the slope of the graph at the input value.
04:55:00 gradient descent is a technique used to optimize a Neural Network's parameters. In this video, you learn how to implement gradient descent for a Neural Network with one hidden layer.
This YouTube video explains how neural networks work, and how the backpropagation algorithm is used to train them. It also covers how to set up a neural network with a hidden layer, how to predict the output, and how to compute derivatives and implement gradient descent.
05:00:00 In this video, the equations for forward and backward propagation of neural networks are given. These equations are very similar to the equations for gradient descent for logistic regression, but with a few extra details.
05:05:00 This video introduces the concept of neural networks and deep learning, and goes over the main equations involved in back propagation. The video also provides an intuition for how the equations were derived. Finally, the video discusses how to implement back propagation in a neural network.
05:10:00 Backpropagation is a computation technique used in neural networks that helps the network learn from its mistakes. The first step is to compute z1, z2, and a1, a2 based on the input features and parameters. Next, based on z2, a2 is computed. Finally, dz2 and dz1 are computed.
05:15:00 Backpropagation is a technique for training neural networks. It is derived from six key equations, which can be found on the next slide. Vectorization of equations allows for more training examples to be used at once, speeding up the training process.
05:20:00 This video explains how the backpropagation algorithm works, and how to initialize weights for a neural network. It also shows how initializing weights can cause problems.
05:25:00 This video explains how neural networks work, and how gradient descent is used to train them. It also covers how to set up a neural network with a hidden layer, how to predict the output, and how to compute derivatives and implement gradient descent.
05:30:00 Ian Andrew is a deep learning researcher and one of the world's most visible researchers in the field. He first became interested in the field while working on neuroscience and soon realized that deep learning was the way to go. His invention of gans, a method for deep learning, has revolutionized the field and is now one of the most popular deep learning models.
05:35:00 This YouTube video discusses how Neural Networks and Deep Learning have evolved over the past ten years, and how they can be used for a variety of tasks, including recognition of patterns and machine learning for tasks such as predicting user behavior.
05:40:00 Neural networks are a mathematical model used to mimic the workings of the brain and are becoming increasingly important in a variety of fields, including machine learning. Deep learning is a subset of neural networks that allows machines to learn how to do tasks automatically, without being explicitly told what to do.
05:45:00 In this week's video, the instructor covers the basics of deep neural networks, including their terminology and notation. He then moves on to a deeper neural network with four hidden layers. This network is still shallow, but is able to learn more complex functions than a logistic regression model. In the end, the instructor covers the notation used to describe deep neural networks and their layers.
05:50:00 In this video, the forward propagation of a deep neural network is described. The first layer of the network is computed to be equal to the input feature vector x times the parameter w1, plus the bias vector b1. For each subsequent layer, the activation function is applied to the values z1, z2, and z3, respectively. Finally, the estimated output y hat is computed by multiplying the activation function forlayer l by the input feature vector x and the bias vector b2.
05:55:00 In this video, the notation used to represent deep neural networks is explained, and the forward propagation process is illustrated. The dimensions of the input variables, the number of layers in the network, and the number of output units are all discussed.
This video is part of a series on deep learning, and covers the basics of neural networks and deep learning. It explains how to implement forward and backward propagation in a three-layer neural network. The video also discusses hyperparameters, and how to optimize them for deep learning.
06:00:00 This video provides a summary of neural networks and deep learning, including the need for matrices and vectors to have the correct dimensions, and the consequences of incorrect dimensions.
06:05:00 A deep neural network is a type of neural network that has many hidden layers, which allows it to more effectively recognize objects.
06:10:00 This video discusses neural networks, deep learning, and the intuition behind their effectiveness. Neural networks are designed to simulate how the human brain works, and deep learning is a particular type of neural network that performs well on complex tasks.
06:15:00 In this video, the basics of neural networks are explained, including the difference between neural networks with and without gates, and the implications of having a small number of hidden units. The video then goes on to discuss how to implement deep neural networks, with a focus on propagation and back propagation.
06:20:00 In this video, the instructor explains how neural networks and deep learning work, with a focus on one layer of a neural network. The forwardpropagation step computes the activations of the previous layer, while the backwardpropagation step computes the derivatives of these activations. Finally, the instructor demonstrates how to implement these steps in code.
06:25:00 In this video, the basic building blocks for implementing a deep neural network are described. Forward propagation is implemented by multiplying a weight by a negative one, and the activation function is applied to the input. The cache is used to store the values of the parameters wl and bl.
06:30:00 This 1-hour video tutorial introduces neural networks and deep learning. The video covers the basics of neural networks, including input, forward propagation, and backward propagation. The video also shows how to implement forward and backward propagation in a three-layer neural network.
06:35:00 In this video, you'll learn about the basic building blocks of deep neural networks, including backpropagation and forpropagation. You'll also learn about hyperparameters and how to effectively organize them so that your networks are optimized for learning. Finally, you'll learn about how to effectively use deep neural networks for learning in games.
06:40:00 In this video, the presenter goes over what are called "hyperparameters" in deep learning, which are the parameters that control the learning rate and number of layers in a neural network. Hyperparameters can be a bit tricky to set initially, but with patience and experimentation, they can be found that yields the best results for a given problem.
06:45:00 In this video, the instructor discusses the concept of hyperparameters in deep learning, and provides a brief overview of deep learning and the human brain. He then provides a simplified analogy between a single neuron in the brain and a deep learning algorithm. He states that today even neuroscientists have little understanding of single neurons, and that the analogy between deep learning and the brain is becoming less useful. He finishes the video by sharing ideas for the second course in the deep learning series.