Summary of Ciencias del Movimiento Humano: ¿qué son y cuál es su importancia?

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00:00:00 - 01:00:00

The video discusses the importance of human movement sciences and their impact on daily life. The speaker notes that these sciences have evolved from the original term of physical education and have expanded into exercise sciences, sports sciences, and human movement sciences. The video covers various fields of human movement, including biomechanics, physiology, nutrition, sports medicine, exercise psychology, sociology, philosophy, and anthropology. The speaker emphasizes the importance of applying an objective, systematic, and replicable scientific method to all fields of human movement and being open-minded in research to explore new areas outside of traditional perspectives. The program concludes with a discussion around the effectiveness of warm-ups in preventing injuries as studies have shown that gradually reducing warm-up levels did not result in any injuries.

00:00:00 In this section, the host introduces the topic of human movement sciences and their importance. He explains that these sciences are often undervalued despite their impact on daily life. He goes on to define science and its two connotations as an activity and a body of knowledge. The guest, Dr. Walter Salazar, director of the School of Physical Education and Sports at the University of Costa Rica, joins the conversation and highlights the relevance and pertinence of human movement sciences, as well as the need to recognize their value. They plan to discuss different disciplines that focus on examining human movement as an object of study.
00:05:00 In this section, it is explained that the term "movement sciences" or "human movement sciences" is a relatively recent term that has evolved from the original term of physical education. It has expanded into exercise sciences, sports sciences, and human movement sciences. The difference between sports and exercise is that the former is competitive while the latter is not. Nonetheless, the technical difference may not have any real effect. The broad term "human movement sciences" allows us to locate the characteristics of this discipline in an academic and scientific context. The study of movement has interested humans since ancient times, and Aristotle made significant progress in studying the movement of humans and animals. Galileo Galilei was fundamental to the modern scientific method, and he studied movement in-depth, further cementing the importance of studying the movement.
00:10:00 In this section, the importance of the study of movement in the development of scientific thought is discussed. The contributions of Aristotle and Galileo to the study of movement are noted, and their impact on the development of the scientific method is highlighted. While the study of movement has traditionally been associated with sports and exercise, there is a growing awareness of the importance of physical activity for overall human development. However, there are also challenges to promoting physical activity, particularly in light of recent trends towards sedentary lifestyles and the COVID-19 pandemic. The field of kinesiology, which focuses on the scientific study of human movement, is relatively new and still developing.
00:15:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the different disciplines that make up the science of human movement, including biomechanics, physiology, nutrition, and sports medicine. The importance of studying the values in the sciences of movement is emphasized, as well as the role of coaches as scientists. The speaker then goes on to describe their own experiences in researching the effects of social facilitation on human performance in sports, highlighting how different factors can impact movement in a variety of ways. Overall, the speaker emphasizes the importance of taking a multidisciplinary approach to human movement in order to fully understand and address the complexities of the body in motion.
00:20:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the various social sciences that can be applied to the study of human movement, including exercise psychology, sociology, philosophy, and anthropology. While fields such as exercise physiology and biomechanics are more well-known, there are emerging fields that are less studied, such as the use of palmistry for sports performance prediction. The speaker recalls a conference in which he and a colleague stumbled upon a poster on sports palmistry and made a bet on whether it would receive more attention than a sophisticated biomechanics poster. The speaker emphasizes the importance of applying an objective, systematic, and replicable scientific method to all fields of human movement.
00:25:00 In this section, the speaker emphasizes the importance of being open-minded in research and allowing oneself to explore new areas outside of traditional perspectives. They share an anecdote about the value of theoretical surprises in research and encourage researchers to be open to unconventional areas of study that have not yet been explored. The conversation also delves into the importance of considering the philosophy of human movement and the study of values in the field. The speaker notes that all disciplines have the same capacity to contribute to the development of human knowledge and understanding, and that the social sciences have much to offer in the analysis of movement, exercise, and sport. Overall, the section highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the study of human movement and the importance of continuing to push the boundaries of knowledge.
00:30:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the importance of philosophy in the study of human movement, particularly in the field of sports. He argues that principles such as fair play and game ethics are fundamental values that must be emphasized to ensure that sports remain competitive and enjoyable. He then explains how the use of doping and other performance-enhancing techniques go against these principles and threaten the integrity of sports. The speaker thus calls for a greater focus on the analysis of values in the study of human movement to ensure that sports remain a source of joy and inspiration for everyone involved.
00:35:00 In this section, the importance of distinguishing between true scientific knowledge and pseudoscience in the field of human movement sciences is discussed. The philosopher's quote "In God we trust, all others bring data" is referenced, emphasizing the need to rely solely on data to evaluate the effectiveness of a product or treatment. The example of athletes who didn't warm up before a competition is given, highlighting the importance of questioning commonly held beliefs and utilizing research to challenge them. The significance of empirical evidence is emphasized as an essential characteristic in distinguishing between true scientific knowledge and pseudoscience.
00:40:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the surprising results of a study that tested the effectiveness of warming up in sports. The study found that there was no significant difference in performance between athletes who warmed up and those who didn't. The speaker admits that these results go against widespread beliefs about warming up but emphasizes the importance of scientific inquiry to challenge preconceptions and beliefs based on authority figures or personal biases. The speaker believes that scientific knowledge is the most valuable form of knowledge because it is based on objective data and has led to important advances in human development.
00:45:00 In this section, the discussion focuses on the importance of science in sports training and the lack of access to high-level training for coaches. While physical education professionals can spend years studying movement science at a university level, coaches often only have access to short courses, creating a disparity in knowledge between the two fields. The science of sports training involves understanding the responses and adaptations to different types of exercise and loads, which coaches apply to training sessions to improve the performance of their athletes. The coach is essentially an experimental scientist, refining their training methods through trial and error and analyzing the responses and adaptations of their athletes. Therefore, coaches play a significant role in the science of sports training, and their contribution should not be undervalued.
00:50:00 In this section, the importance of applying the scientific method to observe natural human movement is discussed, with the argument that trainers are essentially scientists who manipulate multiple variables at once during training sessions. While there are methodological differences between the two roles, the underlying principles of producing science are the same. To improve the training of coaches, there needs to be a balance between the scientific approach and the practical aspects of training. By introducing scientific publications and research to training courses and presenting the information in a practical way, trainers can better understand how to apply the principles of scientific observation in their daily work. Ultimately, trainers are the key vehicle to improving performance and understanding how to systematically analyze the impact of their treatments on the execution of motor skills.
00:55:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the different languages used by coaches and scientists in the field of human movement, which can create a communication barrier between the two professions. While coaches are focused solely on improving performance and changing training to achieve this, scientists are concerned with understanding the underlying science of human movement. In order to facilitate fruitful communication between these professions and ultimately benefit from a mutually fertilizing relationship, it is important to understand each other's language and approach. The program concludes with a discussion around the effectiveness of warm-ups in preventing injuries, where the speaker notes that studies have shown that gradually reducing warm-up levels did not result in any injuries.

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In the video "Ciencias del Movimiento Humano: ¿qué son y cuál es su importancia?", the hosts read out positive feedback from viewers about the show and guest, Dr. Walter Salazar Rojas, a researcher in human movement. They also touch on the question of whether an athlete's mind is driven by science or belief, with Roberto Mendez stating that knowledge is superior to belief. The video concludes with a discussion of where viewers can send inquiries and emphasizes the importance of ongoing research and knowledge production in the field of human movement.