Summary of Londoniyyah - Part 1: Epistemology and Theories of Truth | Mohammed Hijab

00:00:00 - 00:35:00

This video discusses the three main theories of truth: correspondence, coherence, and pragmatism. It also discusses the objections to each theory.

• 00:00:00 This video discusses the three main schools of thought in epistemology: the coherence theory of truth, the pragmatist theory of truth, and the correspondence theory of truth. It also discusses the fundamental question of what knowledge is.
• 00:05:00 In epistemology, there are three main schools of thought: coherentism, naturalism, and relativism. Each theory has its own set of axioms which must be met in order for something to be considered knowledge. One example of a theory of truth is foundationalism, which holds that there must be a foundation for our beliefs - such as axioms - and that the superstructure of other beliefs is rested on this foundation.
• 00:10:00 In this video, Mohammed Hijab discusses the various schools of thought on epistemology, with a focus on the rationalist and empiricist schools. He also touches on the islamic tradition's conception of the Fitra, or "earliest stage of awareness."
• 00:15:00 The video discusses the different schools of thought in epistemology, including the rationalists, empiricists, and skeptics. It also discusses the importance of knowing what we think and what definitions we use when discussing knowledge.
• 00:20:00 The three major schools of thought on the nature of truth are correspondence theory, modal realism, and naturalism. The correspondence theory of truth holds that a belief is only true if it corresponds with something in existence. This is considered the most prevalent school of thought, and for good reason because it allows for truth claims to be made about things in the real world. If a belief does not correspond with reality, it can be considered a myth. The modal realism school of thought holds that beliefs can be true in multiple ways, depending on the circumstance. The naturalism school of thought holds that truth is simply the correspondence between a belief and reality. This school of thought is more difficult to accept because it requires that we accept that beliefs can be false.
• 00:25:00 The three main theories of truth are correspondence, coherence, and pragmatism. Correspondence theory argues that consistency is a necessary but not sufficient condition to truth, while coherence theory says that a belief is true if it coheres with a body of statements that we take to be true. Pragmatism says that truth is whatever is useful, and that it can be true for works even if it's not experimentally provable.
• 00:30:00 This philosopher discusses the objection to pragmatism, which is that it is possible for there to be truths that contradict each other. He also discusses the objection to coherentism, which is that it can be fictitious.
• 00:35:00 The video discusses the problems with correspondence theory of truth. Pragmatism and coherentism are also discussed as being undercut by the objections raised.