Summary of Dictaduras Latinoamericanas: Venezuela (capítulo completo) - Canal Encuentro

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The video discusses the Venezuelan dictatorship of President Pérez Jiménez, which began to crumble in 1957 due to internal military tensions and public protests. On January 22, 1958, the dictator was forced to resign and Betancourt was elected president.

• 00:00:00 In 1922, Venezuela became a major oil producer when it discovered large reserves of oil. This led to rapid economic growth for the country, but also created a series of problems. By the late 1940s, Venezuela had become a dictatorship under President Marcos Pérez Jiménez. During his presidency, Perez Jimenez enacted several policies aimed at benefiting the country's oil industry, such as changing the country's appearance by building new roads and skyscrapers, while also restricting the rights of the opposition and promoting foreign investment. After a fraudulent election in 1952, Perez Jimenez was declared president by a military coup. He remained in power until his death in 1958.
• 00:05:00 This video discusses Venezuelan dictatorships, focusing on the time period 1953-1958. During this time, the dictatorial government of President Pérez Jiménez suppressed civil liberties and democratic rights, while building large government projects to create popular support. The dictator's main ally was the Dominican Republic, which sent agents and troops to help suppress opposition. In mid-1957, the Venezuelan archbishop released a pastoral letter denouncing the difficult working conditions of the working class. This led to a gradual decline in dictatorial power. In early 1958, a group of military officers attempted to take power, but were defeated by the government. This led to a decline in dictatorial support, and in 1958 Pérez Jiménez was overthrown in a military coup.
• 00:10:00 The dictatorial regime in Venezuela began to crumble in 1957, when internal military tensions became public. This was the beginning of the end for the political pressure that had been applied to the president, who was forced to resign in 1959. The oil business was facing difficulties at the time, and a new competitor, the Arab world, was growing increasingly vocal in their protests. The political opposition began to rise up in unison, with the complicity of the entire population. The political parties distributed leaflets calling for a general strike for January 21, 1958. That day, after the noon hour, the entire country came to a standstill. Caracas remained deserted. On January 22, 1958, a movement united by civilians and military forces forced the resignation of the president and his cabinet. That same day, the Venezuelan Republic was inaugurated in Washington, D.C. The days of the dictator's exile had begun. When the Venezuelan people learned of his departure, they went out into the streets to celebrate. The political prisoners were released, the exiles returned, and the people elected Rómulo Betancourt, a political opponent of the regime, as their president on December 7, 1958. Betancourt fought for democracy from exile, but the dictatorial