Summary of Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35

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00:00:00 - 01:00:00

In the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker shares personal experiences before delving into the sixth chapter of Pirkei Avot, known as the Briot or "Extras." This chapter contains sayings of the Tanaim on the study of Torah. The speaker discusses the relationship between Judah the Prince and Emperor Marcus Aurelius or Antoninus, as alluded to in Rashi's commentary on the biblical story of Esau and Jacob. He emphasizes the importance of studying Torah for its own sake, as taught by the sages, and encourages listeners to read Rashi's commentary on Genesis and Berit for further insight. The speaker also compares the modern-day fascination with celebrities to the Jewish tradition of seeking wisdom and connecting to the Divine through Torah study. He discusses the concept of building a fence around the Torah and its relevance to modern society, as well as the importance of both studying Torah and embodying its teachings. The speaker also reflects on the importance of having a personal relationship with God and the concept of God as an affordance. Throughout the video, the speaker emphasizes the significance of humility, awe of God, righteousness, piety, and studying Torah for its own sake to avoid sin and receive divine assistance.

00:00:00 In this section of the YouTube video titled "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35," the speaker begins by sharing some personal experiences, including a visit from his mother and brother to Austin, Texas, for the first time. He mentions that they managed to leave the intense situation in Israel behind for a brief respite. The speaker then transitions to the topic at hand, which is starting the sixth chapter of Pirkei Avot, known as the Briot or "Extras." This chapter, added later to the original Mishna, contains sayings of the Tanaim (early Jewish leaders) that deal with the study of Torah and was not included in the final editing of the Mishna.
00:05:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker discusses the intriguing relationship between Judah the Prince and Emperor Marcus Aurelius or Antoninus. Rashi, a renowned Jewish scholar, is believed to have alluded to this relationship in his commentary on the biblical story of Esau and Jacob's struggle within Sarah's womb. Rashi suggests that this struggle represents the intense conversations between Judah the Prince and Antoninus. The speaker explains that Antoninus, who was known for his power, may have been showcasing the positive aspects of Esau, the Gentile world, and the potential for unity between Jews (represented by Jacob) and Gentiles. The sixth chapter of Pirkei Avot is called "Kinan Torah," which focuses on the acquisition of Torah, and the speaker encourages listeners to read Rashi's commentary on Genesis and Berit for further insight into this topic.
00:10:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker discusses the importance of studying Torah for its own sake. The sages are said to have expounded on this concept in the language of the Mishna, emphasizing its significance despite not being part of the original text. The speaker explains that the use of the same language and the stress on taking these teachings seriously reinforces their relevance. The person who studies Torah for its own sake is described as a friend, beloved, and lover of God and humanity. The Torah grants them humility, awe, righteousness, piety, and faithfulness, and distances them from sin. The speaker also notes that these teachings come from the same rabbis who embodied the practices they preached, making their words even more valuable.
00:15:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" video, the speaker compares the modern-day fascination with figures like Leonardo da Vinci, rappers, athletes, and celebrities to the Jewish tradition of seeking wisdom and connecting to the Divine through Torah study. The speaker emphasizes that in Judaism, the focus is on individuals who engage in Torah study for its own sake, without seeking worldly gains or recognition. Using the example of a thief who becomes consumed by the riches he discovers in the king's palace, the speaker illustrates the never-ending passion for learning and exploration. The speaker also reflects on how modern society has elevated celebrities and athletes to moral paragons, which is a departure from the historical context where such figures were not considered moral exemplars. The speaker concludes by acknowledging the potential benefits of this shift but also expressing some reservations about it.
00:20:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the discussion revolves around the concept of building a fence around the Torah and its relevance to modern society. The speakers compare this idea to the inner dimensions of sin, such as equating anger with murder and lust with adultery. They explain that the Torah sets boundaries to prevent individuals from committing these sins. The speakers also touch upon the idea that the study of Torah for its own sake is worth the creation of the entire world. They emphasize that the world is sustained by the Torah scholar's study, and the vastness of the creation is all for his sake. The conversation also touches upon the struggle of dealing with negative traits and the merits gained from embodying good virtues.
00:25:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker discusses the importance of both studying Torah and embodying its teachings. He uses the example of a holy man who is fully immersed in Torah study but also provides for billions of people around the world. The speaker emphasizes that the study of Torah is not just about sitting in a room all day, but also about prioritizing and understanding the importance of applying its teachings to the world. He also mentions the current conflict in Israel and the idea that even those designated as teachers and learners of Torah have responsibilities beyond their studies, such as defending their fellow man during war. The speaker encourages listeners to not only study Torah but to embody it, and to consider the importance of creating a sustainable space for learning. He also touches on the idea that certain aspects of life, such as having a family, will naturally manifest as a result of Torah study. Overall, the speaker encourages listeners to prioritize Torah study and application, while also recognizing the importance of other responsibilities and creating a sustainable learning environment.
00:30:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker discusses the relationship between God and humans, describing it as more than just a friendship or partnership. God is seen as a beloved, a bond that doesn't depend on external adhesives but is based on love. The speaker explains that while a friend or partner shares a common goal, a beloved is a state of love that never ceases. God is described as both a partner in the sense of working together through the Torah, and a beloved, who is loved regardless. The speaker also touches upon the idea that loving God and God's love are ultimately one. The discussion revolves around the concept of loving God and the ways to achieve that connection, including learning Torah, clinging to God's attributes, and embodying the love of Torah.
00:35:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker reflects on the importance of having a personal relationship with God, using the term "Mak" as a name for God. He finds it a strange concept to explain, as it goes beyond intellectual understanding and involves a deep emotional connection. The speaker also discusses the idea of self-awareness and understanding oneself as a means to connect with God. He compares this to philosophers, such as Aristotle, who immersed themselves in knowing themselves and, in turn, came to understand the world around them. The speaker believes that this personal relationship with God is not something that can be easily acquired or lost, and that it is essential to our very being. He also touches upon the connection between loving God and loving life itself.
00:40:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" video, the speaker discusses the concept of God as an affordance, or a way to optimize one's relationship with the world and its inhabitants. He explains that this belief makes it easier for him to act as if God exists and love both God and humanity. The speaker then describes how abandoning worldly desires and envy leads to a mindset of peace and brotherhood, which enhances the Torah and brings joy to both God and humanity. The speaker also explains that happiness and sadness are metaphorical when discussing God and uses the example of God playing with the Leviathan as a representation of proper orientation and the idea of God rejoicing in peace and order.
00:45:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker discusses the importance of living in peace and loving humanity as a means to bring joy to God and others. He emphasizes the significance of setting an example and studying Torah to spread its light and bring happiness to others. The speaker also touches upon the idea of humility and how the deep understanding of God gained through Torah study contributes to it. He references the humility of Moses and the idea that the deeper one delves into the Torah, the more they recognize God's greatness and their own insignificance. The speaker also mentions the potential for profound experiences, such as those brought about by certain substances, to bring about a sense of humility and awe for the world around us. Additionally, the speaker briefly references the teachings of Tanya and its concept of the clothing of the soul.
00:50:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" video, the speaker discusses the connection between humility, awe of God, and the virtues of righteousness and piety. The speaker explains that achieving humility leads to a sense of awe and fear of God's magnificence. He also notes that the Hebrew word for "makes him fit" can be understood as both preparing someone for virtuous living and purifying them of evil. The speaker then defines righteousness and piety as walking correctly and faithfully in one's path without deviation. He also mentions the historical significance of being a righteous or pious example to others. The conversation also touches on the potential influence of other religious groups on Jewish thought.
00:55:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker discusses the importance of maintaining Torah study for its own sake to avoid falling into sin and to receive divine assistance. The speaker uses examples of great Torah scholars who ultimately fell for sins, such as Jabam and Yanan Kenan, and explains that their downfall was due to a lack of dedication to Torah for its own sake. Instead, they developed biases and ego, which led them astray. The speaker emphasizes the importance of self-awareness, knowing one's limitations, and staying humble. Additionally, the speaker explains that maintaining Torah study for its own sake provides divine assistance in avoiding pitfalls and stumbling blocks. The Torah is likened to a ritual bath that can cleanse one of sins, and a loving relationship with God can protect one from the troubles of the world.

01:00:00 - 01:25:00

In the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" video, the speaker explores various concepts including counsel, wisdom, understanding, and the importance of wise and strong Jewish leaders. The speaker emphasizes the significance of these leaders being sought after by non-Jewish rulers for their wisdom and insight. The Torah is described as a living tree, pond, river, and unceasing water, emphasizing its constant growth and the importance of continuous learning. The speaker uses examples from the Torah, such as Moses and the Ten Commandments, to illustrate the importance of patience, forgiveness, and modesty in learning and teaching. The concept of interacting with individuals who have reached a higher level of spirituality or wisdom is also discussed, with the speaker emphasizing the importance of humility in leadership.

01:00:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" video, the speaker discusses the concepts of counsel, wisdom, and understanding as described in the text. Counsel refers to the ability to correctly assess situations and provide advice on how to address them. Wisdom is the implementation of that advice into action. Understanding, a result of wisdom, is the ability to deduce one thing from another and make connections between ideas. Additionally, the speaker emphasizes the importance of having power or strength to execute on these insights and resist negative influences. The video draws parallels to the historical role of rabbis as counselors and advisors to kings and rulers.
01:05:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" video, the speaker discusses the significance of wise and strong Jewish leaders being sought after by non-Jewish rulers, such as kings, despite the societal tensions against Jews. The speaker highlights how these leaders were recognized for their wisdom and brought close to the rulers for their insight and foresight. The speaker also touches upon the importance of humility and the pressure a leader faces to maintain his position. The Torah is described as a source of deep secrets and insights, and the speaker uses the example of King David's desire to see God's wisdom. The speaker also shares a story about the Ari, a famous cabalist, who was said to have studied with angels in his dreams, emphasizing the importance of immersion in one's field and continuous learning, even in dreams or the astral plane.
01:10:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker discusses the idea that the Torah is like a living tree, pond, river, and unceasing water, emphasizing its constant growth and innovation. The speaker also explains that one becomes a never-ending vigorous student of the Torah, leading to new interpretations and flow states. The Torah is described as an unceasing and ever-increasing river that covers the whole community, allowing it to wash over the world. The speaker also highlights the importance of being consistent and challenging oneself in learning the Torah while remaining humble and patient.
01:15:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker uses the example of Moses and the Ten Commandments to illustrate the importance of patience, forgiveness, and modesty in learning and teaching Torah. The first tablets, given in a grand and dramatic manner, were shattered due to the people's lack of readiness and understanding. In contrast, the second tablets were more modest and remained intact. The speaker emphasizes the need to be patient and forgiving of personal grievances and insults, even for a Torah scholar who will attract attention. The Torah, according to the speaker, uplifts and makes the person greater than all creations, allowing them to transcend physical form and time during the learning process.
01:20:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" video, the speaker discusses the idea of interacting with individuals who have reached a higher level of spirituality or wisdom. These individuals are described as playing a different game and interacting with the world differently. When one's actions are influenced by the highest thing, their actions become uplifted and transcend the material and physical. The speaker also touches upon the concept of leaders, suggesting that while they may not be considered thought leaders in the modern sense, they do hold a position of authority and responsibility that could potentially lead them to seek wisdom and humility. However, not all leaders may embody these qualities, and politics and biases may hinder their pursuit of spiritual growth.
01:25:00 In this section of the "Learning Pirkei Avot (Ethics of the Fathers) - #35" YouTube video, the speaker discusses the concept of humility and its importance in leadership. He explains that those who embody humility, wisdom, and insight, and offer counsel without seeking glory, will be granted sovereignty, dominion, and jurisprudence. However, these individuals must be careful with their words and actions, especially in leadership positions. The speaker also touches upon the idea of the Divine voice from God, referred to as "bot," which is seen as an echo resounding from Mount Sinai and Mount Horor. The discussion covers various aspects of Torah study and beautiful women, with the speaker promising to delve deeper into these topics in future sessions.