Summary of PRINCIPIOS BÁSICOS DE PSICOLOGÍA 1.1

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In this video, the basics of psychology are introduced. The main theorist is Wilhelm Wundt, and his theory of perception and discrimination is discussed. The idea that mental events are located in the unconscious is also mentioned. In the late 1800s, he developed a theory of emotions that included the idea that they vary not only in terms of pleasure and displeasure, but also simultaneously in terms of attention and relaxation.

• 00:00:00 According to this video, the basics of psychology are introduced with Freud's concept of the unconscious. Next, we answer the question of what psychology is, starting with the fundamental Freudian concept of the unconscious - experiences from the past, in particular, unpleasant ones leave an individual's unconscious in the form of trauma even when the individual consciously remembers them. This results in a quick improvement in recognising the source of their distress, as memories of such experiences are often insignificant to them in and of themselves. Freud conceptualised that in humans there is an infinite sexual power and reserves that influence behaviour due to defined causes - not reacting in a normal way to experiences. Energy then influences other organs, resulting in what is called psychiatric symptoms - later, Freud himself expanded his theories on this instinctual force he called libido to understand that everything in man is the product of pleasure, as the cause of neurosis and its type depends on the degree of inhibition or fixation in certain development stages, tying in repression of one or more experience traumas from childhood. We'll now discuss the definition of psychology according to Plato and the world of ideas. Plato called forms or ideas objects of knowledge that are immutable and can be known through penetrating insight into the conscious activity of the psycological entity.
• 00:05:00 In this video, basic principles of psychology are introduced. James has used experimental research to develop his theory, but always based on introspection. We will study three key questions in psychology: the problem statement, mental characteristics, and psychology of religion. This is of great importance to us, as the second question, regarding James' emphasis on the role of experience in psychology, has a significant impact. We will begin with the general problem of psychology, which states that mental activity is alive and influential, rather than fixed and schematic. James also believes that psychology is a natural science, but only in the sense that it expresses general empirical and provisional principles characteristic of natural sciences. Finally, we will discuss the concept of psychology according to Jean Piaget. His popularity rests on the fact that he put forward important discoveries demonstrating that thinking occurs as a series of psychological processes, which must be concluded to exist as a metaphysical substance called "the soul" according to some other definition of psychology. We have explained this first approach to psychology, which is known as cognitive psychology, in-depth in the previous section. In cognitive psychology, stimuli that are pleasant or unpleasant, which are presented at the same time as other stimuli that the individual wants to develop aversive or appetitive reactions to,
• 00:10:00 This YouTube video discusses the four stages of psychological theory, which are pre-systematic, systematic, tridimensional, and four-dimensional. The main theorist is Wilhelm Wundt, and his theory of perception and discrimination is discussed. The idea that mental events are located in the unconscious is also mentioned. In the late 1800s, he developed a theory of emotions that included the idea that they vary not only in terms of pleasure and displeasure, but also simultaneously in terms of attention and relaxation. This theory became very important due to its incorporation of other previously known concepts and its promotion of experimentation in the fourth stage. In the early 20th century, Wundt's theory of emotions and perception became a systematic concept.