Summary of Sistemas de SEGUNDO ORDEN Control ► Explicación COMPLETA ✍ #011

00:00:00 - 00:35:00

This video explains second-order systems in control theory, including how to model a mass-spring-damper system as a second-order differential equation, and how to transform it into the frequency domain using Laplace transforms. The video discusses the parameters that define a second-order system, such as natural frequency and damping factor, and explores their impact on the system's behavior. It also covers how to calculate the response of a second-order system, including settling time, maximum overshoot, and peak time. The video concludes by encouraging viewers to continue learning about control theory by subscribing to the channel or watching other playlists.

• 00:00:00 In this section, we learn about second-order systems in control theory. These systems have two poles and are represented by second-order ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients and zero initial conditions. We look at a common example of a mass-spring-damper system and use Newton's second law to model it as a second-order differential equation. By applying the Laplace transform, we can transform the equation into the frequency domain, where we see the derivative of position is multiplied by its constant coefficient and its frequency squared term, which is characteristic of second-order systems.
• 00:05:00 In this section, we learn about second-order systems and how to identify them through the order of the polynomial in the denominator of the transfer function. We also see how to normalize the equation to its standard form and the parameters that define a second-order system, such as the natural frequency and damping factor. Additionally, we explore the various responses of a second-order system based on the damping factor, including underdamped, critically damped, and overdamped. The video includes simulations that illustrate the behavior of second-order systems with varying parameters, and we see how changing the damping factor and natural frequency affect the response of the system.
• 00:10:00 In this section, the video explains the formula for finding the two roots of a second-order system and how the system behaves depending on the value of the parameter, Cita. The video analyzes the system's behavior with an input of a step function and focuses on the system's underdamped behavior when Cita is between 0 and 1. Fractal partials are used to find the coefficients b, c, and d, and the inverse transform is used to find the system's output in the temporal domain. The video also provides the equation for calculating the system's period and notes that the maximum amplitude of the oscillations will be two times the system's static gain, Acaq.
• 00:15:00 In this section, the video explains second-order control systems and their behavior. The systems have a similar behavior to a second-order system, which means that it is essential to understand the concept. The frequency, which varies between zero and one, can affect the imaginary component. The system has two parameters, the natural frequency (omega n) and damping factor (cita), which determine the system's behavior. The video also discusses the effect of increasing the frequency, which causes the poles to move upward, and decreasing the damping factor, causing the poles to move towards the imaginary axis. Finally, the video shows how to expand the second-order system into partial fractions and Laplace transforms.
• 00:20:00 In this section, the YouTube video explains the complete process of calculating the response of a second-order system. The video discusses the response of a second-order system when it is critically damped or overdamped, and how to calculate the maximum overshoot, settling time, and peak time. The video demonstrates how to use the equations to calculate the parameters of a critically damped system, and how to calculate the maximum peak by using the formula F=100e^(-pi*z/sqrt(1-z^2)). The video suggests that viewers should use pen and paper while watching and practicing the calculations to ensure accuracy.
• 00:25:00 In this section, the video explains second-order control systems and how they can be used to model different types of systems. The video goes into detail on how to calculate the solutions of second-order control systems, such as calculating b, c, and d for repeated roots. The video also explains how critical damping affects a system's speed and eliminates oscillations, ensuring that the system remains in a stationary state. They then explain how to calculate the settling time, using a 98% threshold, for when the system reaches its steady-state value. Additionally, they go over how over-damped systems are represented by two real roots and how to calculate their coefficients using partial fractions.
• 00:30:00 In this section, the video explains how to calculate the settling time for a second-order system and gives an example of a system's response to a unit step. To find the settling time for an over-damped system, the video suggests applying the same criteria used for critically-damped systems and substituting the dominant pole's value for the faster pole's value in the settling time equation. The video then walks through an example of how to calculate the settling time of a specific system and finds that the system is critically-damped. The video also calculates the system's maximum peak, time of maximum peak, and steady-state value before graphing the system's output response to the unit step.
• 00:35:00 In this section, the speaker explains the complete process of solving a second-order control system, including finding the time of maximum peak and maximum peak value, the settling time, and the steady-state value of the system. After demonstrating the mathematical expression of the temporal response for this system, the speaker graphically represents the output of the system with the help of an input unit step. Finally, the video invites the audience to continue learning about control theory by subscribing to the channel or watching other playlists.