Summary of Unitarios y federales. Canal Encuentro

00:00:00 - 00:15:00

The video discusses the history of the conflict between the Unitarios and Federales in Argentina. The Unitarios were in favor of provincial autonomy, while the Federales favored a centralized government. The conflict between the two groups played a major role in the birth of the country, with the Federales eventually prevailing in the end. However, the Unitarios' ideals of provincial autonomy remain strong to this day.

• 00:00:00 The video discusses the events leading up to and during the War of the Triple Alliance (1865-1870), which was fought between Argentina, Brazil, and Portugal. The war ended with Brazil's defeat, and as a result, Argentina emerged as a powerful country. This period of political and economic instability is known as the "anarquía." During the anarquía, the country was divided into provinces that governed themselves in different ways. The League of the Free Peoples, which had been responsible for keeping the provinces united, fell apart because of internal conflicts. Artigas, a traitor who had joined the federalists, left the political scene. Federalist leaders such as Roca, Anchorena, and Manuel Rodriguez emerged to compete with centralist leaders such as Rivadavia, Martin Rodríguez, and Juan Manuel de Rosas. The federalists eventually won the power struggle and created the Partido del Oorden (Order Party), which became the nation's dominant political force. DORREGO (Manuel), the leader of the federalists, was elected president in 1825. He implemented a period of peace that allowed the country to profit from the Saladeros (butchers) and the Port of Buenos Aires
• 00:05:00 During the 19th century, the unitario and federalist movements competed for control of Argentina's territory. On 6 December 1829, the junta of representatives from the province of Buenos Aires elected Juan Manuel de Rosas as governor, giving him extraordinary powers to restore order. This led to the outbreak of the "War of the Unities," a protracted civil war fought between the unitario and federalist factions. On 16 February 1835, Facundo José de Queiroga, governor of Córdoba, was killed while traveling through Yaco. His assassins, believed to be members of the local clan that governed Córdoba, were quickly apprehended and executed. Rosas' assassination destabilized the political and economic situation in Buenos Aires enormously, and the war resumed. In 1831, Rosas and his federalist rivals signed the Pact of Federal Union, which established a confederation of provinces. The territory was divided into two, with Rosas as governor of the more populated and prosperous Buenos Aires province. This made him the de facto ruler of all of Argentina. Rosas's rule was a period of relative peace and stability for the province, but his opponents did not give up. In 1835, Rosas was traveling through
• 00:10:00 This video discusses the differences between Unitarios and Federales in Argentina. The Unitarios are considered crazy, and traitors and contemptible even have to wear a red band to symbolize federalism's allegiance to the national flag. The opositors to roses see themselves obligated to exile themselves to Chile or Bolivia, from where they conspire against the federal government. One of the more prominent Unitarios was Sanjuanino Faustino Sarmiento, an educator and journalist, who in his book Facundo argued that the May Revolution had left two heirs - the Unitario civilization represented by Unitarios, and the barbarian side embodied by the rural population and the federalist caudillos. Rosas was defeated in a battle in 1852, and he fled to England, where he died a few years later. Urquiza, who had been appointed temporary director of the confederation, returned from exile in 1853 and was not willing to submit to the direction of a federal. Two years later, Buenos Aires and the interior again went to war, this time the porteños emerged victorious. Urquiza imposed his conditions on the rest of the confederation, and Bartolomé Mitre, who had become president of the republic,
• 00:15:00 The video discusses the history of the divide between Unitarios and Federales in Argentina. The conflict between the two groups played a major role in the birth of the country, with the Federales eventually prevailing in the end. However, the Unitarios' ideals of provincial autonomy remain strong to this day.