Summary of LA ILUSTRACIÓN DEL SIGLO XVIII 🕯¿Pueden las ideas cambiar el mundo?

00:00:00 - 00:10:00

The video discusses how ideas of the Enlightenment period can change the world. It looks at how kings during the Enlightenment tried to use reason to improve the welfare of their subjects. The video also discusses the importance of the French Revolution, which was based on Enlightenment ideas.

• 00:00:00 The video discusses the importance of the 18th century movement known as "Ilustración" or "Illustration." The movement aimed to change the world by using reason and breaking through old structures of the old regime. One important definition of the movement comes from philosopher Emmanuel Kant, who states that "Illustration was the escape of the minority of age of man, that is, the man who until then had been under the protection of the Absolute Monarch and the Church, when it began to be illuminated by means of [this] movement, he will become a greater of age, that is, free and to think for himself. This characteristic of thought--the ability to think for oneself--is perhaps the most important of all with which we can define [Illustration], and it is that which will continue to be perpetuated in the future, namely, the separation of powers, which ensures freedom and equal rights for all citizens." In terms of social and political changes, the most important characteristic of Ilustración was the use of reason to reach objective truths, breaking through superstition and old tradition. The idea of national sovereignty, which argued that all power in the state should reside with the people, would be developed by the Ilustrados. Another
• 00:05:00 The video discusses the ideas of the 18th century, including the ideas of sovereignty, national rights, and the separation of powers. Three of the most important thinkers of the 18th century are Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Voltaire, and we will study their ideas in detail. Russian philosopher, Voltaire, was one of the most important thinkers of the 18th century, and he is especially famous for his work on political philosophy, The Spirit of the Laws. In this video, we will see how his ideas relate to the idea of nationalism and the importance of sovereignty for a democratic society.
• 00:10:00 The video discusses the idea that ideas, specifically those of the Enlightenment, can change the world. It discusses the role of kings in the Enlightenment, and how they used Enlightenment ideas to try to improve the welfare of their subjects and foster arts and culture. It also discusses the importance of the French Revolution, which was based on Enlightenment ideas.