Summary of Biofisica del Sistema Cardiovascular (Resumen + PDF)

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This video discusses the cardiovascular system, focusing on how blood pressure is measured and the importance of knowing which artery to measure. It also covers points such as the circulatory system's fluid, blood vessels being considered as tubes of a closed circuit, and the flow being laminar or turbulent.

• 00:00:00 The cardiovascular system is a simple system that consists of two fusioned hearts that pump blood through the body. The system is controlled by the brain and consists of two main pathways, the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava. These two veins end up in the right atrium, which contracts 5-6 millimeters of mercury to send blood to the left ventricle. The left ventricle then sends the blood to two pulmonary arteries, one on the left and one on the right, before sending it to the lungs. The blood then flows back to the heart and returns to the veins. The left atrium contracts 7-8 millimeters of mercury to send the blood to the left ventricle, and must go through the tricuspid valve before it reaches the left ventricle. The blood then flows to the lungs and is oxygenated before being exhaled. The cardiovascular system is a very important system in medicine because it allows us to breathe. It is also responsible for delivering nutrients and waste to the different parts of the body. The cardiovascular system is controlled by the brain and has two main pathways, the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava. The two veins end up in the right
• 00:05:00 This video explains the biofisiology of the cardiovascular system, focusing on how to measure blood pressure. It also explains the importance of knowing which artery we're measuring, as arterial pressure in the brachial or humeral artery can be elevated or inflated to exceed systolic pressure, resulting in a vasovagal response and the obstruction of blood flow by the humeral artery. If the pressure is allowed to slowly release, the manometer will be able to detect the sounds of blood flowing intermittently until the diastolic pressure is reached, at which point the blood flow will become continuous. This video also covers points such as the circulatory system's fluid, blood vessels being considered as tubes of a closed circuit, and the flow being laminar or turbulent. When the pressure on the artery reaches the systolic pressure, blood will begin to flow through the artery, and this can be detected by the sound of blood flowing intermittently. The diastolic pressure can then be calculated by subtracting the systolic pressure from the mean arterial pressure. Once the diastolic pressure is reached, the blood flow will cease and the device will be slowly heated and then cooled, at which point the sounds of the cardiac rhythm will begin to
• 00:10:00 The video discusses the cardiovascular system, explaining that the blood's viscosity is expressed in terms of a water-based solution's viscosity, based on the blood's hematocrit (a measure of the percentage of red blood cells). The viscosity of blood ranges from 2 to 4.5, indicating that blood offers 2 to 4.5 times more resistance to flow than water if the pressure difference between arterial and venous blood vessels stays the same. Vasodilation leads to an increase in blood flow and a decrease in blood pressure, which causes a constriction in blood vessels due to a reduction in blood flow. When vasodilation occurs, more blood is drawn to that organ and when blood flow is built up, less blood is drawn by the organ. This is why during exercise, oxygen requirements increase in muscles as blood vessels dilate. In cold environments, blood vessels in the skin constrict and blood flow decreases, while heat loss is reduced. All blood vessels are in some way structural, which means their diameter is not fixed or constant, but depends on the relationship between two variables at a given time. Pressure within a blood vessel and attention to the wall determine vessel diameter. So remember to watch the video's summary if you want