Summary of Lec 3 | MIT 3.091SC Introduction to Solid State Chemistry, Fall 2010

00:00:00 - 00:50:00

This video provides an introduction to solid state chemistry and quantum mechanics. It discusses the work of Dalton and how quantum mechanics has led to the modern understanding of the behavior of matter on a small scale. The video also covers the history of quantum mechanics and the impact it has had on modern physics.

• 00:00:00 In this video, Professor Shell describes how students should approach the memorization of the Periodic Table. He advises against memorizing all of the elements, emphasizing that this is too much to learn and that most people breeze through it. Two mnemonic contests are then described, one for the lanthanides and one for the actinides.
• 00:05:00 In this video, Professor discusses the history of the atom and the models that were developed in the late 1800s. He describes how electrons are distributed throughout a positively charged sphere, and that there are no protons in an atom.
• 00:10:00 In this video, Professor Jeffrey J. Thompson explains the Plum Pudding Model of electron behavior. Ernest Rutherford, a brilliant experimentalist, used this model to understand the properties of radioactive elements and gases. He also identified the helium nucleus and the beta particle.
• 00:15:00 This video provides a brief introduction to the Rutherford-Geiger-Marsden experiment, which was used to determine that alpha particles were created when elements broke down. Rutherford and his team found that a small number of alpha particles were deflected through high angles, which suggested that they were created in the nucleus.
• 00:20:00 Rutherford proposed the nuclear model, which is a model that squares with data. The reaction to his announcement was condemnation from the physics community.
• 00:25:00 Niels Bohr developed a quantitative model to explain the Rutherford, Geiger, and Marsden experiment, which revealed the pattern of the distribution of alpha particle deflections.
• 00:30:00 This video introduces the history of science and how it is communicated. It discusses the importance of reading primary sources and how it is important for students to do so. Rutherford's atom model is discussed and it is shown that it is embroiled in controversy.
• 00:35:00 This 1-paragraph summary discusses the key points of the video, which is a lecture on solid state chemistry featuring Professor Philip Ball from MIT. The lecture starts with a short introduction to the Bohr model atom, which is a simplified model of the Rutherford model with one orbiting electron. The model works for a single electron system, and the energy of the electron is simply the energy of the electron. The lecture then goes on to discuss the conservative nature of the system, and how the energy of the electron is 1/2 mv squared, due to Newtonian mechanics applying. Finally, the lecture discusses the potential energy of the electron as electrostatic, due to the Coulombic forces between the nucleus and electron.
• 00:40:00 In this video, Professor Jens Bekker from MIT discusses the three postulates of quantum mechanics and how they apply to the electron. He also discusses energy and angular momentum and how they are quantized.
• 00:45:00 In this lecture, Professor Schwarcz discusses how quantum mechanics has led to the modern understanding of the behavior of matter on a very small scale. He covers the history of quantum mechanics, including the work of Max Planck, Niels Bohr, and Werner Heisenberg. Schwarcz then discusses the quantum condition, which is a mathematical equation that describes the behavior of matter on a small scale. He goes on to explain how these equations allow physicists to compare experimental data with predictions made by quantum mechanics. Finally, Schwarcz discusses the impact of quantum mechanics on modern physics.
• 00:50:00 This video introduces the concepts of solid state chemistry, including the work of Dalton and modern atomic theory. The class will resume on Wednesday.