Summary of Evaluación funcional en el paciente adulto y adulto mayor

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00:00:00 - 01:00:00

In this 1-paragraph summary, two fitness professionals , Mariana Parra and Andrea Garzón, share their expertise in evaluating adult patients with physical impairments. The evaluations focus on assessing the patient's ability to perform certain activities, as well as their overall functional capacity. The process includes communication and rapport-building, identifying specific systems affected, and generating interventions and measurements to address these issues. The goal is to quickly identify relevant information about the patient's condition and prioritize specific measures to address any issues. Scales used to assess mental functions, such as the Glasgow Coma Scale, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and the Mini-Mental State Examination, are discussed, as well as pain scales for adult patients, such as the visual analog, numerical, and categorical scales. Additionally, the speaker discusses the importance of evaluating a patient who has been hospitalized for 24 hours, including their nutritional status and risk for developing pressure ulcers. Finally, the video discusses functional assessment in adults and elderly patients, including measurements of stability, flexibility, and muscle and mobility tests, and the use of imaging diagnostics for accurate visualization of diagnoses.

00:00:00 In this section, two fitness professionals Mariana Parra and Andrea Garzón share their insights on evaluation tools for patients with physical impairments. Additionally, María Parra discusses her expertise in bio-therapeutic interventions in orthopedics and traumatology, while Andrea Garzón aims to achieve a master's degree in biomedical engineering from the University of Rosario. The two will collaborate for the first phase of the activity, which will focus on the evaluation of adult patients admitted to the hospital, and the adult community will assist in the process. They both express gratitude for their invitation towards the activity, which they will take two continuous phases to provide insights.
00:05:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the increase in demand for assistential care in adults and older adults. The speaker attributes this increase to factors such as an increase in life expectancy and the prevalence of chronic diseases. The speaker also highlights the challenges faced by hospitals in providing care to these patients, including the high consumption of resources and the prolonged hospital stays. The speaker emphasizes the importance of specialized, intense, and short-term care for these patients to minimize the risk of complications and improve their quality of life. The speaker also discusses the need for interdisciplinary collaboration between healthcare professionals to provide effective care to these patients.
00:10:00 In this section of the video, the speaker discusses the process of evaluating a patient in the hospital. This process begins with communication and rapport-building with the patient and other healthcare professionals involved in the patient's case. The speaker highlights the importance of being clear, effective, and attentive to the patient's specific needs during the evaluation process. The speaker also mentions the various components of the exam, including the history, learning styles, and different body systems to evaluate. The evaluation process should involve identifying and checking systems that may be affected, and then generating specific interventions and measurements to address those issues. Overall, the goal of the evaluation process is to quickly identify relevant information about the patient's condition and prioritize specific measures to address any issues. By starting with an evaluation of the patient's state of consciousness upon entering the hospital, the speaker is able to provide a clear overview of the patient's condition and the evaluation process.
00:15:00 In this section, the speaker discusses various scales utilized in assessing mental functions. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is one of the most popular scales, which uses 15 items and has a maximum time of 15 minutes. It evaluates the person's level of consciousness, ability to conform to orders, follow commands, understand information, and communicate verbally. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is another scale used to evaluate mental functions. It consists of eight items that provide insights into a patient's level of consciousness and performance in memory, attention, language, and fine motor skills. The scale has a score of 0 to 30 points, and a score of 26 points or above can indicate normal cognitive function. The speaker also mentions the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), which evaluates 15 dimensions, has a maximum time of 5 to 10 minutes, and is scored from 0 to 30. In their clinical judgment, pain management is given significant attention since pain can be a reason for patient hospitalization, affecting physical movements. A commonly used tool for dolor assessment is the Machine Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), which is self-reported and allows specificity and intensity of pain assessment.
00:20:00 In this section, the speaker discusses pain scales for adult patients. These scales are designed to measure pain quickly and efficiently. The visual numerical, and categorical scales are commonly used, and vary inpoints from minimum to maximum. The visual analog scale is often useful for patients with difficulty expressing symptoms. These pain scales can be applied in a maximum of 5 minutes, and have a maximum score of 10. Furthermore, the speaker discusses the use of questionnaires for patients with neuropathic pain. The Neuropathy Questionnaire is a simple tool consisting of four questions that can confirm the patient's condition. Lastly, the speaker discusses the idea of objectivity in medical diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of clarity in using standardized terminology, such as checking for pulse, blood pressure, lymph node, and skin integrity.
00:25:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the importance of evaluating a patient who has been hospitalized for 24 hours. The speaker notes that many patients may develop nutritional alterations during their hospital stay, and the patient may not be getting adequate nutritional intake. The speaker also mentions that the patient's aqueous intake should be monitored, as this can contribute to nutritional deficiencies. The speaker then proceeds to discuss the importance of evaluating factors such as activity level, mobility, and nutrition when assessing for the development of pressure ulcers. The speaker notes that patients who have a lower activity level, mobility, and nutrition may be at a higher risk of developing pressure ulcers. The speaker also mentions that the patient's mental state should be taken into consideration, as patients with lower mental function may be more prone to developing pressure ulcers. The speaker then discusses various scales that can be used to measure pressure ulcers. The speaker specifically mentions the Vancouver scale, which is used to measure the degree of cicatricial scarring in patients who have undergone surgery. A higher score on this scale indicates a higher risk of developing pressure ulcers. Finally, the speaker discusses various factors that can be assessed during the evaluation process, such as the patient's weight, body mass index, and skin measurements. The speaker notes that these measurements can help to determine the patient's risk for developing pressure ulcers and guide the development of a treatment plan.
00:30:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the six-minute walk test, which is used to evaluate a patient's aerobic capacity and other aspects of their function, such as marching. The test involves the use of an ergometer, which can be used with both upper and lower limbs, depending on the service's availability. The test is easy to do and does not require major complications for bipedestation and dynamic work, making it ideal for patients in the hospital. The test involves the step test or Harvard stair test, which can detect the number of ascents a patient can do in five minutes, giving us a reference point of 50 centimeters for women and 30 centimeters for men. The step test is a simple and practical test that is commonly used to evaluate a patient's physical function. The test can also be used to assess other aspects of a patient's function, such as discomfort, the perception of effort, and the ability to move.
00:35:00 In this section, the speaker discusses functional assessment in adults and elderly patients. The assessment includes measurements of stability, flexibility, and muscle and mobility tests using econometria IMAGEN CONSTANTE and similar tools. The speaker emphasizes the importance of considering the results of the tests when interacting with patients and making decisions about treatment. The speaker also mentions the use of imaging diagnostics for accurate visualization of diagnoses and discusses the importance of clear visualization and understanding of the results in the context of posture and positioning in hospitalized patients. The section covers important diagnostic tools, methods for evaluating posture and positioning, and specific scales and measurements for assessing balance and equilibrium in adults and elderly patients.
00:40:00 In this section, the video discusses the evaluation of functional capacity in adult and elderly patients. The evaluation includes measuring the patient's ability to perform daily activities and assessing their balance and equilibrium. The TT Up and Go test is discussed as a practical tool for measuring the patient's ability to move around and avoid falls. The video highlights the importance of incorporating different scales into the evaluation, such as the Falls Risk Assessment in the Community and the Independence Functional Evaluation. The video emphasizes the need for an interdisciplinary team to perform the evaluation, taking into account the patient's physical, mental, and emotional factors. A good functional evaluation can serve as a predictor for four fundamental aspects of a patient's stay in a hospital, including falls, disability, dependence in daily activities, and death. Elderly patients with multiple comorbidities and a significant decrease in their reserve levels are considered fragile and vulnerable during hospitalization, leading to changes in their routines of performing daily activities. The video recommends that a physiotherapist should be able to identify the patient's functional capacity, potential for rehabilitation, and functional status post-hospitalization.
00:45:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the changes that occur in the functional abilities of elderly adults prior to hospitalization. They highlight five important aspects, including falls, cognitive decline, incontinence, sleep disturbances, and delirium. The speaker also mentions the prevalence of these conditions in elderly adults in hospitals, such as with polymorbidities, polypharmacy, and limited social support. To assess the functional abilities of elderly adults, the speaker recommends a functional evaluation that takes into account their medical history, physical examination, and cognitive functioning. The speaker also mentions the importance of considering the social and economic factors that may impact an elderly adult's rehabilitation process. One of the key aspects the speaker addresses is the concept of fragility in elderly adults. The speaker explains that fragility is a multidimensional condition that increases vulnerability to adverse outcomes due to external stressors. To diagnose fragility, the speaker suggests considering several factors, including clinical aspects, functional limitations, socioeconomic factors, and cognitive functioning. These factors are summed to determine an individual's level of fragility. Another relevant condition discussed is sarcopenia, which is characterized by the progressive and generalized loss of muscle strength and mass. The speaker mentions that sarcopenia is a significant risk factor for disability, poor quality of life, and premature death in elderly adults. They suggest that healthcare providers need to be aware of this condition and consider it when assessing the functional abilities of elderly adults in hospitals.
00:50:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the evaluation of an adult or elderly patient with sarcopenia, a condition characterized by a decrease in muscle mass and an increase in body fat. The speaker notes that this condition can increase the risk of new comorbidities and make the patient more susceptible to falls. To diagnose sarcopenia in an elderly patient, the speaker recommends using a short questionnaire called the SARC-Q, which asks about the patient's strength, balance, and activity level. The SARC-Q is validated in Spanish and can be completed by both the patient and caregiver. The speaker also discusses the importance of considering three variables when evaluating sarcopenia in adults: muscle strength, muscle mass, and activity level. The speaker notes that there are several methods for measuring muscle strength, including grip strength, knee extension/flexion, and spirometry. However, the speaker recommends using grip strength as the most practical method for clinical evaluation, as it can be easily measured and is a strong predictor of falls and disability. Finally, the speaker stresses the importance of considering the risk of falls in elderly patients, as falls are the leading cause of adverse events in this population and can lead to increased hospitalizations, costs, and morbidity.
00:55:00 In this section of the YouTube video, the speaker discusses the topic of function evaluation in older adults and older adults with special needs. They describe two hospital scenarios, the Scala de Moros and the de la Edad, and how they are applied in various hospital environments. However, they also mention that the scales of risk assessment for falls are very important in hospital settings as they help to identify and assess the risk of falls in older adults. Additionally, the CEA (unizonalizaciones finales breves), TCEA (tarea de capacidad del adulto mayor) and WFA (escala de funcionalidad del adulto mayor) are also mentioned as they help to assess the functional ability of older adults and identify if they have a risk of falling. The topic of autopercepción is also touched upon as it is considered to be a useful indicator for evaluating the health status of older adults to understand how old adults perceive their health, compare it with another person and to perceive their overall health condition.

01:00:00 - 01:20:00

The video "Evaluación funcional en el paciente adulto y adulto mayor" covers several key areas in the evaluation of functional abilities in adult and elderly patients. The speaker highlights the importance of assessing an individual's ability to perform daily physical activities, as well as their levels of dependence and specific areas where they may require assistance. They discuss the use of several tools, such as the gray scale and the questionnaire on Twitter, to assess an adult's level of function. The speaker also discusses the evaluation of pain in adults and the differences between evaluating an adult with dementia and an adult without dementia. Furthermore, they discuss the evaluation of an adult or older adult with fragility and the importance of using functional assessments to quantify an individual's ability to perform certain tasks. The speaker also notes that it is important to involve geriatrics or psychiatrists when evaluating a patient's functional abilities and emphasizes the use of specific tests to evaluate specific areas of the body. The presentation will be uploaded to Finacolon's website and accessible from their YouTube channel, and the presenter thanks the participants for their time.

01:00:00 In this section, the speaker highlights the importance of evaluating the functional ability of an adult who is hospitalized, specifically in terms of their ability to perform daily physical activities. The speaker emphasizes the need for healthcare professionals to develop a clear understanding of the individual's levels of dependence and specific areas where they may require assistance. They mention several tools that can be used to assess an adult's level of function, including resourcefulness, flexibility, and problem-solving skills. The speaker emphasizes the importance of valuing an adult's ability to perform daily tasks to ensure their long-term quality of life.
01:05:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the evaluation of pain in adults and the differences between evaluating an adult with dementia and an adult without dementia. The speaker mentions that there is a scale called the gray scale that can be used, which has five items and is used to determine pain in severe dementia. The speaker also mentions that mental functions are evaluated in hospitalized adults and that the questionnaire on Twitter is a popular method for evaluating mental functioning. The speaker also covers other categories that can be used to evaluate mental functioning in hospitalized adults, such as anthropometric parameters and physical ability test.
01:10:00 In this section, the speaker discusses the evaluation of an adult or older adult with fragility. The speaker mentions that it is important to identify these individuals, as they may have mobility issues or other concerns that need to be addressed. They suggest that one approach is to use functional assessments, such as walking speed or balance tests, to quantify the individual's ability to perform certain tasks. However, the speaker notes that these assessments may not be suitable for hospitalized individuals, as they may have pain or other limitations that make these tests difficult. The speaker also mentions that older adults with dementia or aggression may require specific types of evaluations, and that it is important to take a collaborative approach to address these concerns. Ultimately, the key is to find the best assessment techniques that can provide the necessary information to support the individual's care and treatment.
01:15:00 In this section, the speaker evaluates the functional abilities of adult and elder patients. When evaluating a patient's functional abilities, the speaker advises that it's best to involve a geriatra or a psychiatrist, depending on the patient's needs. The speaker notes that some patients may exhibit aggressive behavior, and their control of the environment and the diagnostic condition should be assessed when evaluating their abilities. The speaker mentions that the Alpha Kinetic test can be used to determine a patient's balance and stability and is typically used for the elderly. The speaker also acknowledges that other alternatives must be explored when dealing with elderly patients who have a high risk of falls and are hospitalized. For evaluating muscle strength, the speaker suggests using the Haina delanterio test as it can provide detailed information about the patient's range of motion, posture, and concentration. The speaker encourages the use of specific tests to evaluate specific areas of the body and notes that using clinical measurements and maneuvers can provide valuable insights into a patient's overall functional abilities.
01:20:00 In this section of the video "Evaluación funcional en el paciente adulto y adulto mayor," the presenter takes great care to thank everyone who attended. This presentation will later be uploaded to Finacolon's website and accessible from their YouTube channel. The presenter reminds viewers that it is an important topic to discuss and thank the participants for their time. The presenter ends the statement by expressing their appreciation for the attendees and wishing everyone a good night.