Summary of Las Transacciones: Expresión de la actividad económica y del Valor Económico

00:00:00 - 00:10:00

This video discusses economic transactions, which can be real or observable, and their economic value. Certain transactions, such as monetary transactions between two institutional units, are observable. Other transactions, such as the exchange of goods or services, are not observable but have an economic value nonetheless. Transactions that involve the transfer of resources between two units, such as the reinversion of capital invested abroad, are also considered transactions. Economic transactions are assessed in terms of their monetary value.

• 00:00:00 The transcript excerpt discusses the economic activity and economic value, and how decisions about economic activities are expressed as transactions or transfers. In complex economic activities that take place in a economy, agents interactions with each other in markets or other areas have consequences for all of them that are valued in terms of monetary terms. When agents economic activities decide about consumption and accumulation, they have to measure the relative advantages of converting current profits into goods and services over converting them into a future period, because any economic activity involves both benefits and risks. Prices at which assets can be bought or sold in markets are the reference point for decisions by economic agents about their economic activities, because investors in financial assets, such as values and natural resources, make decisions about acquisitions and dispositions of these assets based on their values in the market. When agents economic activities decide about production, consumption, and accumulation of assets, there is a clear relationship between the price paid by the buyer and the price received by the seller for an asset of given value. For non-financial assets, different from land and land, the price paid by the buyer exceeds the price received by the seller, given the costs of transferring ownership of these assets. In the case of financial assets, the value is the same for the creditor and debtor because
• 00:05:00 In this video, information is given on how to value economic activity and economic value. Transactions between two institutional units must be recorded for both parties to take part in the transaction, and this generally results in two transactions being counted in macroeconomic systems and economic decision-makers' activities are treated as transactions or transfers. Monetary values are derived from data on transactions by tallying their various uses from data on transactions. It is possible to track economic flows through the economy by tracking goods and services through the economic system from their producers to their possible consumers. Some transactions only have an internal financial significance while others occur when one institutional unit performs two activities, such as producing and consuming the same good or service, but generally most transactions take place between different institutional units. National accounting relationships are achieved, for example, by recording production by adding sold units exchanged or transferred to other units, and subtracting bought units from sales or input units from output units. The economic value of production can be obtained by recording the different uses of transactions, making it possible to follow the flows of goods and services through the economic system from their producers to their possible users. Actions taken by economic agents in their economic activities are treated as transactions or transfers, and valued in terms of monetary values, which can take the form
• 00:10:00 The video discusses economic transactions, which can be real or observable, and their economic value. Certain transactions, such as monetary transactions between two institutional units, are observable. Other transactions, such as the exchange of goods or services, are not observable but have an economic value nonetheless. Transactions that involve the transfer of resources between two units, such as the reinversion of capital invested abroad, are also considered transactions. Economic transactions are assessed in terms of their monetary value.