Summary of SISTEMA TEGUMENTARIO

00:00:00 - 00:15:00

The tegumentary system serves several functions, beginning with protection. The skin protects against environmental effects, mechanical impacts, temperature changes, radiation, and microorganisms. It also serves to contain tissues, organs, and fluids to prevent dehydration, regulates thermal stability, plays an essential role in sensory perception, and produces Vitamin D. The skin consists of two layers, the epidermis and dermis, both with different functions and structures. The epidermis produces keratin and provides protection against the environment, while the dermis contains collagen and elastic fibers responsible for the skin's strength and tone. The subcutaneous tissue stores fat and the skin's appendages, such as hair follicles, play an essential role in the skin's function. The speaker explains the structures associated with hair follicles and their function, importance of lines of tension, and the role of the ligamentos cutáneos in determining the mobility of the skin.

• 00:00:00 In this section, the video explains the functions of the tegumentary system, starting with protection. As the skin is easily accessible, it serves as a means for detecting numerous diseases. Furthermore, the skin serves as protection against various environmental effects such as temperature changes, mechanical impacts, radiation, and microorganisms. In addition, it functions as containment since it is the outermost layer of the human body that contains the tissues, organs, as well as extracellular fluid to prevent dehydration. The skin also regulates thermal stability through various processes, such as sweating and vasoconstriction, and plays a vital role in sensory perception by containing nerves that enable the detection of pain, touch, and temperature. Finally, the skin also serves to synthesize and store Vitamin D, which has several physiological functions. The skin consists of two layers, the epidermis and dermis, both with different functions, characteristics, and structures. The epidermis, which is superficial and lacks blood and lymph vessels, is responsible for producing keratin and provides protection against the environment.
• 00:05:00 In this section, we learn about the different layers of the skin, including the epidermis, which lacks blood vessels, and the highly vascularized dermis where we find collagen and elastic fibers responsible for the skin's strength and tone. Below the dermis lies the subcutaneous tissue, also known as the hypodermis or superficial fascia, where the body stores fat, aiding in thermal regulation and providing a protective layer for bones such as the coccyx. Additionally, we learn about the skin's appendages such as hair follicles located in the dermis.
• 00:10:00 In this section, we learn about the structures associated with hair follicles and their function, including the erector muscle, sebaceous gland, and sweat gland. We also explore the importance of lines of tension, which are determined by the direction of collagen fibers, in the healing process of incisions made during surgery. Additionally, we learn about the retinaculos of the skin, fibrous bands that provide support and determine the mobility of the skin. The retinaculos originate from the deep fascia and ascend through the subcutaneous tissue, providing support for the skin.
• 00:15:00 In this section, the speaker explains the function of the ligamentos cutáneos, also known as retinacula cutis, which are located in the subcutaneous tissue and connect the deep fascia to the deep layer of the dermis. The length and density of these ligaments determine the mobility of the skin, with longer and less dense ligaments allowing for greater mobility. An exception to this is the suspensory ligaments of the breast, which are both long and well-developed, allowing them to support a significant amount of weight.