Summary of La Historia de la Computadora y Computacion - Documental Completo -.mp4

00:00:00 - 00:45:00

This video chronicles the history of computing, from early manual machines to the development of microprocessors and the Internet. It covers the use of microprocessors in everyday objects, and talks about the future of computers, which will be small and embedded in our eyesight.

• 00:00:00 The history of computers and computation is chronicled in this documentary, which covers the development of computers from early machines designed to save the world, to computers that expand the mind with machines that diminish the world. The evolution of central computers is covered in detail, along with the introduction of PCs and other digital devices. The brain of the computer--the CPU (central processing unit)--is explained, and devices for input and output, such as a mouse or keyboard, are described. The magic of computers is demonstrated by the speed of modern machines, which can perform billions of calculations per second. In addition to their ability to process digital code, modern computers are also capable of modeling molecules, which helps scientists design experiments before carrying them out in the laboratory. The ability to understand how all the parts of an atomic weapon work is a complex task that would require the simultaneous performance of 12 billion calculations. It is for this reason that the National Laboratory for Advanced Computing (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, or Livermore), one of the United States' key centers for information technology, has developed machines that are even faster. These supercomputers are used to model the safety and accuracy of nuclear weapons. Finally, the documentary covers the use of high-resolution graphics to make complex concepts such
• 00:05:00 In the 1800s, Charles Bach invented a machine that could save drowning sheep, and in the early 1900s, he developed a machine that could calculate mathematical tables. His machine, called the "motor analítico," was a precursor to the modern computer. However, as technology continued to evolve, his machine became outdated, and he only completed part of it before it collapsed. In the early 20th century, American inventor Charles Babbage attempted to build a more advanced machine, but he was unsuccessful. Around the same time, a Frenchman named Maurice Genevoix designed a similar machine that used cards instead of discs, and it became known as the "tabulator." In 1924, a machine called the " punched card system" was invented in the United States. It used cards that were perforated and then scanned by an electric machine, which would generate a data output that was then printed out. In the 1940s, the first computers were developed, and they used the punched card system.
• 00:10:00 In 1890, there were 62 million people in the world, and computers were only used to keep track of census data. However, because census data was such a big customer, the computer industry got a glimpse of the future when it realized that it could make money by selling computers to railways, for example. IBM was founded as a result of this. Alan Turing's work before World War II helped establish the theoretical basis for computer machines, and the first true computers were built in secret in England during World War II. American machine guns were running out of ammunition, and so engineers at the University of Pennsylvania built a computer that could do calculations quickly enough to help design ammunition tables. The army was so excited about the prospect of having a machine that could do calculations quickly that they focused their attention on the cost--which was estimated at $500,000--and decided to go ahead with it. The machine, called the ENIAC, was completed three months after the Japanese surrendered, but it was never able to be completed in time to help win the war. ENIAC was a marvel of technology, and it could do 5000 multiplications in one go.
• 00:15:00 In the early 1950s, John von Neumann, a leading mathematician, wrote a seminal paper on the design of computers that would become known as the "von Neumann architecture." His paper laid the groundwork for the development of the first commercially available computers, which were developed in the early 1960s. In the 1970s, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) developed the first commercially available computers that used a von Neumann architecture. These computers, known as "PDP-11s," became very popular and influential in the early days of the computer industry. However, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the industry experienced a major transition as new, faster, and more powerful computers were developed. This transition was led by IBM, which developed the "IBM PC" and the "IBM XT," which were the first commercially available computers that utilized a microprocessor. These computers became the standard for the industry and are still in use today.
• 00:20:00 In 1961, IBM dominated the market for personal computers, but in the early 1960s, North America and Russia were racing to be the first to land a man on the moon. IBM's goal was to build a computer that was small enough to fit in a human's hand, and in 1962, they successfully developed a microprocessor that was small enough to fit on a chip. This led to the development of personal computers, which are now commonplace. In 1969, IBM produced the first circuit board with thousands of integrated circuits. The development of microprocessors and circuit boards in the early 1960s paved the way for the development of personal computers.
• 00:25:00 In the 1970s, xerox introduced the Alto, a computer that featured many of the innovations in personal computers today. However, the high price tag and limited availability of the machines kept them from becoming popular. In 1977, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak introduced the Apple One, the first personal computer that was affordable for the average person. Despite early success, the computer still needed to be simplified for the average user. This was accomplished in 1981 with the introduction of the Apple II.
• 00:30:00 In the 1980s, the sales of personal computers soared as the popularity of the internet grew. Microsoft, a company that had been developing computer software, saw this growth and decided to enter the computer hardware market. They did this by licensing their operating system, Windows, to other companies, and by developing their own hardware, such as the Macintosh. The Macintosh was successful, and Microsoft became the world's most successful software company. However, in the 1990s, the computer hardware market began to decline, and by the 2000s, Microsoft had lost most of its market share. In order to stay afloat, Microsoft began to develop their own mobile phone operating system, Windows Phone, and to purchase other tech companies, such as LinkedIn. However, these attempts to stay competitive have not been successful, and as of 2016, Microsoft has been divested of most of its holdings.
• 00:35:00 This video chronicles the history of computing, from early manual machines to the development of microprocessors and the Internet. It covers the use of microprocessors in everyday objects, and talks about the future of computers, which will be small and embedded in our eyesight.
• 00:40:00 This video documents the history of computing and computer technology, from the early days of working on homemade computer kits to the development of molecular memory technology that could build computers with the same level of intelligence as humans. The next generation of computers may be modeled after the human brain, with artificial intelligence playing a key role in science and the arts.
• 00:45:00 This video documents the history of computers and computing, from early analog computers to modern day digital devices.