Summary of ¿Qué es la Filosofía? (Segunda Parte)

00:00:00 - 00:10:00

The video discusses the difference between philosophy and science, and how philosophy is a more critical form of thinking. It also discusses the universality of philosophy, and how it is concerned with issues such as art, science, and language. Russell says that when a problem in philosophy has a concrete solution, that's when it ceases to be philosophy and becomes a specific science.

• 00:00:00 In this second part of the video, we'll see what distinguishes philosophy from other sciences. Philosophy is a religion, not a science, and each of these activities handles different things though they all share some common features. For example, all three have something to offer humans' natural curiosity. However, while each has its own way of satisfying this curiosity, they are actually quite different. Religion is the oldest of the three, and all three have something in common--they believe in one or more gods through an act of faith. Dogmas, or supposed truths received from God, are what religious people rely on instead of questioning them. Philosophy, on the other hand, is a knowledge that analyzes critically every belief, and unless it is adequately justified, it cannot be considered true. This means that, while both philosophy and religion share some common features, they are actually quite different in terms of their origins, purposes, and impact. In the next video, we'll look at the difference between science and philosophy. You'll know then that, while both rely on the most probable hypothesis, science investigates the world through senses and experimentation, while philosophy studies ideas and the brain. This is one significant difference between science and philosophy: while science relies on empirical evidence and is therefore observable
• 00:05:00 The video discusses the difference between philosophy and science, and how philosophy is a more critical form of thinking. It also discusses the universality of philosophy, and how it is concerned with issues such as art, science, and language. Russell says that when a problem in philosophy has a concrete solution, that's when it ceases to be philosophy and becomes a specific science. He goes on to say that if one studies biology, one can solve specific problems in biology, but if one studies philosophy, one is not able to make informed decisions about ethical issues that arise from scientific processes. This can hinder one's day-to-day life. Philosophers still attempt to answer these sorts of questions, but they may not have the same level of precision as scientists when it comes to answering specific questions.
• 00:10:00 In the video, someone asks if computers can be made to be personal devices for everyday use, and the answer is yes. Over the course of history, there have been great philosophers who have had a direct or indirect impact on the world. One of the most important is Karl Marx, who created communism, which was a political system that was prevalent in many places throughout the world. However, his role in history has been immense, and the opposite is also true - the philosophy of liberalism also emerged from thinkers like Adam Smith, Jeremy Vansant, and John Locke. One of the first to ask for women's rights was philosopher Stuart Mill in the 19th century. The European Union, which we take for granted today, was a concept that philosophers like Kant had argued for centuries. Philosophy is not easy, but when one starts on the path, it is incredibly rewarding. It makes us question everything in our lives, and we may forget about other important things. One of the goals of philosophy is to make us reflect on our goals and ask ourselves if they are good ones. We should also remember that philosophy is not only about thinking about the abstract - it is also about making us question ourselves in the real world. This is a difficult task, but it